TABLE 4.

Summary of evidence found in support of kiwifruit and kiwifruit supplements benefitting upper gastrointestinal symptoms¹

	Evidence in support of an effect on
	Abdominal discomfort and pain	Abdominal distension and bloating	Disrupted swallowing and reflux	Indigestion/dyspepsia
Supplements
Studies, n	3	1	0	0
Quality	Low	Medium	N/A	N/A
Evidence	Uncertain	Medium	None	None
Green kiwifruit
Studies, n	3	3	1	1
Quality	Medium–high	Medium	High	High
Evidence	Good	Medium	Good	Good
Gold kiwifruit
Studies, n	2	0	1	2
Quality	Medium	N/A	Medium	High
Evidence	Low	None	Low	Good
Summary	Good evidence for green, seemingly dose dependent for gold	Medium evidence for green in acute setting, medium for habitual intake, and absent for gold	Evidence is limited for both varieties, needs to be expanded	Evidence is of high quality but limited number of studies, needs to be expanded

¹N/A, not available.