Table 1.
Characteristics of two study cohorts, at baseline
| Characteristic | CMS (Italian) | DCS (Dutch) |
|---|---|---|
| N | 1931 | 5188 |
| Male (%) | 48.9 | 55.6 |
| Mean (SD) age (years) | 67.8 (10.3) | 64.8 (11.1) |
| Mean (SD) diabetes duration (years) | 10.9 (8.0) | 6.8 (5.9) |
| Mean (SD) BMI (kg/m2) | 28.5 (5.0) | 30.3 (5.5) |
| Mean (SD) HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 53 (19) | 50 (11) |
| Mean (SD) HbA1c (%) | 7.0 (1.7) | 6.7 (1.0) |
| Current smoker (%) | 14.9 | 18.6 |
| Mean (SD) HDL (mmol/L) | 1.4 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.3) |
| Mean (SD) LDL (mmol/L) | 3.3 (0.9) | 2.6 (0.9) |
| Mean total cholesterol (SD), (mmol/L) | 4.8 (1.0) | 4.6 (1.3) |
| Mean (SD) systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 146.1 (16.4) | 142.1 (20.1) |
| History of MI (%) | 7.9 | 7.7 |
| History of stroke (%) | 6.7 | 6.0 |
| History of CHF (%) | 1.9 | 2.7 |
CMS Casale monferrato, DCS Hoorn diabetes care system, BMI body mass index, HbA1c glycated hemoglobin, LDL low-density lipoproteins, HDL high-density lipoproteins, SD standard deviation, MI myocardial infarction, CHF chronic heart failure