TABLE 1.

Lean body mass (kg) and percent body fat from four data sets with ratios and effect sizes (d) where available.

		Lean body mass, kg					Fat%
Source	Samples	m	f	m/f	f/m	d	m	f	m/f	f/m	d
Wells (2012a)	260	51.6	39.7	1.30	0.77		17.0	28.1	0.61	1.66
Africa	55	47.9	38.3	1.25	0.80		14.9	23.1	0.65	1.55
Asia	67	45.1	35.0	1.29	0.78		15.5	24.2	0.64	1.56
Oceania	46	49.9	37.9	1.32	0.76		15.0	24.2	0.62	1.62
Polynesia	21	60.3	47.6	1.27	0.79		24.6	37.9	0.65	1.54
S. America	39	50.7	38.0	1.33	0.75		15.6	28.4	0.55	1.81
Arctic/Subarctic	32	55.5	41.5	1.34	0.75		16.3	30.7	0.53	1.89
This paper (Supplementary Table 1)	191	58.1	42.1	1.38	0.72		20.1	30.5	0.66	1.60
Foragers	6	45.9	36.5	1.26	0.80		21.4	32.3	0.63	1.64
Horticulturalists	12	53.9	38.4	1.41	0.71		13.3	24.6	0.53	1.95
Non-WEIRD (5)	8	51.4	38.0	1.36	0.74		18.2	31.9	0.57	1.77
India	8	34.5	26.9	1.28	0.78		18.7	27.2	0.69	1.47
Japan	8	52.1	37.3	1.40	0.72		18.6	28.7	0.64	1.62
Canada	8	60.6	43.1	1.41	0.71		19.9	30.2	0.65	1.57
United States	90	61.9	44.4	1.39	0.72		22.1	32.7	0.68	1.56
Europe (12)	47	60.6	43.6	1.39	0.72		18.6	28.3	0.66	1.58
Oceana	8	62.5	45.0	1.39	0.72		21.7	30.8	0.70	1.47
Pontzer et al. (2021)	129	59.1	44.0	1.34	0.74	1.86	22.8	35.1	0.65	1.55	1.38
16–19	314	57.1	42.5	1.34	0.74	1.96	21.5	32.3	0.67	1.50	1.14
20–25	385	60.3	43.3	1.39	0.72	2.04	19.6	33.6	0.58	1.71	1.56
25–29	467	60.0	43.4	1.38	0.72	2.04	22.3	34.4	0.65	1.54	1.31
30–34	387	59.1	45.2	1.31	0.77	1.68	24.0	36.7	0.65	1.53	1.42
35–39	399	58.9	45.5	1.30	0.77	1.58	26.4	38.4	0.69	1.45	1.48
NHANES 1999–2006*	5,434	56.6	39.8	1.42	0.70	2.67	20.7	32.5	0.64	1.57	2.54
15–19	3,149	53.6	38.6	1.39	0.72	2.32	18.8	31.3	0.60	1.66	2.77
20–25	784	56.3	39.5	1.43	0.70	2.66	19.7	32.2	0.61	1.64	2.78
25–29	541	57.2	40.1	1.43	0.70	2.74	21.4	32.3	0.66	1.50	2.23
30–34	488	57.9	40.4	1.43	0.70	2.75	21.4	33.1	0.65	1.55	2.40
35–39	472	58.2	40.4	1.44	0.69	2.88	22.1	33.5	0.66	1.52	2.50

*BMI < 30, see section “Materials and Methods”.