Table 2.
Associations of joint pathology and symptom duration with pressure pain thresholds
| PPT wrist |
PPT trapezius |
PPT tibialis anterior |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (s.d.) | Adjusted beta (95% CI) | Mean (s.d.) | Adjusted beta (95% CI) | Mean (s.d.) | Adjusted beta (95% CI) | |
| KL sum scorea | ||||||
| 0–20 (n = 98) | 4.4 (2.1) | Ref. | 4.3 (2.1) | Ref. | 5.7 (2.6) | Ref. |
| 21–37 (n = 99) | 4.5 (2.2) | −0.01 (−0.59, 0.58) | 4.4 (2.1) | 0.03 (−0.56, 0.62) | 5.5 (2.7) | −0.28 (−1.02, 0.47) |
| >37 (n = 94) | 4.4 (1.8) | −0.18 (−0.92, 0.57) | 4.3 (1.9) | −0.15 (−0.87, 0.57) | 5.4 (2.4) | −0.53 (−1.44, 0.38) |
| Continuous | −0.24 (−0.54, 0.06) | 0.02 (−0.29, 0.33) | −0.24 (−0.62, 0.15) | |||
| Erosive phenotypea | ||||||
| No (n = 189) | 4.6 (2.1) | Ref. | 4.4 (2.1) | Ref. | 5.7 (2.7) | Ref. |
| Yes (n = 102) | 4.2 (1.8) | −0.75 (−1.32, −0.19) | 4.3 (1.9) | −0.38 (−0.86, 0.29) | 5.2 (2.2) | −0.82 (−1.54, −0.09) |
| GS sum scoreb | ||||||
| 0–2 (n = 119) | 4.3 (2.0) | Ref. | 4.3 (2.2) | Ref. | 5.5 (2.8) | Ref. |
| 3–7 (n = 89) | 4.6 (2.1) | 0.21 (−0.35, 0.76) | 4.6 (2.1) | 0.24 (−0.31, 0.80) | 5.6 (2.6) | −0.04 (−0.74, 0.66) |
| >7 (n = 83) | 4.5 (1.9) | 0.27 (−0.38, 0.93) | 4.2 (1.7) | −0.22 (−0.88, 0.44) | 5.5 (2.3) | 0.13 (−0.70, 0.97) |
| Continuous | 0.15 (−0.18, 0.43) | −0.12 (−0.40, 0.16) | 0.12 (−0.23, 0.48) | |||
| Power Doppler sum scoreb | ||||||
| 0 (n = 108) | 4.2 (1.8) | Ref. | 4.3 (2.1) | Ref. | 5.4 (2.6) | Ref. |
| 1–3 (n = 109) | 4.6 (2.3) | 0.33 (−0.20, 0.86) | 4.5 (2.2) | −0.01 (−0.54, 0.52) | 5.7 (2.7) | 0.16 (−0.51, 0.83) |
| >3 (n = 74) | 4.5 (2.0) | 0.27 (−0.38, 0.91) | 4.3 (1.7) | −0.24 (−0.89, 0.41) | 5.5 (2.4) | 0.06 (−0.76, 0.88) |
| Continuous | 0.07 (−0.20, 0.33) | −0.18 (−0.45, 0.08) | 0.11 (−0.22, 0.44) | |||
| Symptom durationc | ||||||
| 0–4 (n = 109) | 4.5 (2.1) | Ref. | 4.5 (2.0) | Ref. | 4.5 (2.0) | Ref. |
| 5–10 (n = 74) | 4.4 (2.0) | −0.14 (−0.72, 0.43) | 4.5 (2.3) | 0.07 (−0.52, 0.66) | 4.5 (2.3) | −0.04 (−0.79, 0.71) |
| >10 (n = 86) | 4.4 (1.8) | −0.11 (−0.72, 0.50) | 4.1 (1.9) | −0.39 (−1.01, 0.23) | 4.1 (1.9) | −0.20 (−0.98, 0.59) |
| Continuous | 0.01 (−0.25, 0.28) | −0.14 (−0.41, 0.13) | 0.08 (−0.26, 0.43) | |||
Explanatory variables are reported as group tertile categories and as continuous values. Continuous values are reported per s.d. increase. All analyses are adjusted for age, sex, BMI, comorbidities and generalized OA (knee and hip OA severity). Additional adjustment of:
a
GS sum score,
b
KL sum score and
c
both.
Results with P-value <0.05 are shown in bold. PPT: pressure pain threshold; KL: Kellgren–Lawrence grading; GS: greyscale.