OsABI5 functions downstream of OsSAE1 to regulate ABA sensitivity at germination and in seedlings. A, Germination performance of Nip, ossae1, osabi5, and sae1abi5 double mutant seeds under 0-, 1-, or 5-μM ABA treatment at 3 DAI. Bars = 1 cm. B and C, Germination rate of seeds in (A) at 3 DAI (B) and 4 DAI (C). The error bars indicate the sds based on three independent replicates. D, Growth of 10 DAI Nip, ossae1, osabi5, and sae1abi5 double mutant seedlings under 0- or 5-μM ABA treatment. Bars = 5 cm. The images of the plants were digitally extracted for comparison. E–G, Root length (E), shoot length (F), and fresh weight of shoots (G) under 0-, 1-, or 5-μM ABA treatment of 10 DAI Nip, ossae1, osabi5, and sae1abi5 double mutant seedlings. Error bars indicate sds, n ≥ 10. H, Expression of RAB21 in Nip, ossae1, osabi5, and sae1abi5 double mutant seedlings with or without ABA treatment. Ten DAI seedlings were treated with or without 1-μM ABA for 6 h. RNA was isolated from shoots and used for RT-qPCR. Actin1 was used as an internal control. The relative expression levels were represented by fold change relative to the expression levels of Nip-mock. The error bars indicate the sds based on three independent replicates. For (B, C, E, F, G, and H), different letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05, one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test).