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. 2022 Nov;53(6):543–557. doi: 10.1177/15500594221103834

Table 2.

Cognitive Changes of the Control Group and During the one Year of Follow-up in the COVID-19 Group.

Control12 COVID-19
Reference values 0-3 months 3-6 months 6-12 months
MoCA 25.0 (17.0 - 30.0) 25.0 (20.0 - 30.0) 26.0 (23.0 - 30.0) 26.0 (11.0 - 29.0)
TMT-A (s) 26.8 (17.6 - 47.1)a 30.8 (18.1 - 48.7) 28.3 (17.8 - 53.7) 32.7 (20.6 - 120.7)a
TMT-B (s) 64.6 (36.7 - 155.2) 64.4 (48.1 - 114.1) 67.7 (45.4 - 188.6) 76.5 (37.3 - 207.5)
TMT (B-A) 32.6 (-1.7 - 49.9) 38.1 (19.9 - 72.3) 36.3 (23.1 - 62.2) 43.9 (16.0 - 86.8)
DSFN 29.0 (11.0 - 49.0) 36.0 (10.0 - 75.0) 28.5 (13.0 - 64.0) 41.5 (14.0 - 72.0)
DSBN 17.0 (8.0 - 34.0) 21.0 (2.0 - 41.0) 17.0 (8.0 - 33.0) 17.5 (14.0 - 2.0)
DSFL 7.0 (4.0 - 10.0) 9.0 (3.0 - 13.0) 7.0 (3.0 -.0) 9.0 (4.0 - 13.0)
DSBL 5.0 (3.0 - 8.0) 6.0 (1.0 - 9.0) 5.0 (3.0 - 9.0) 5.0 (1.0 - 8.0)

a = Statistically significant difference.

MoCA = Montreal cognitive assessment; TMT-A = trail making test part A; TMT-B = trail making test part B. TMT (B-A): differences between trail making test parts B and A; DSFN = digit span forward numbers. DSBN = digit span backward number, DSFL = digit span forward line. DSBL = digit-span backward line.