Figure 3.

Blocking mitochondrial Ca²⁺ influx with Ru360 alters mitochondrial morphology. (a) Representative original images of all different experimental conditions; axon incubated with DMSO alone showed elongated mitochondria; 100 μM H₂O₂ induced shorter and smaller mitochondria; axonal mitochondria exposed to 100 μM H₂O₂ and 5 μM Ru360 showed slightly longer and less round morphology than mitochondria exposed to H₂O₂ alone; incubation with 100 μM H₂O₂ and 10 μM Ru360 led to the formation of longer mitochondria compared with H₂O2 control; axon incubated with 100 μM H₂O₂ and 20 μM Ru360 showed shorter mitochondria than oxidative stress control. (b–d) Mitochondrial shape factor (b), length (c), and area (d) of single mitochondria. Nodes of Ranvier are marked with a red “i”. ^∗p ≤ 0.05, ^∗∗∗p ≤ 0.001, and ^∗∗∗∗p ≤ 0.0001. The error bars represent the standard error of mean; n = 7 animals and 29 roots; DMSO 7 roots, H₂O₂ 7 roots, H₂O₂+5 μM Rui360 4 roots, H₂O₂+10 μM Ru360 7 roots, and H₂O₂+20 μM Ru360 4 roots.