Table 2.

Social and economic factors associated with SDE and MDE.

	SDE (n = 226)			MDE (n = 509)
	RRR	95% CI	p-value	RRR	95% CI	p-value
Female (ref = male)	1.33	0.97–1.84	0.077	1.52	1.17–1.97	0.002
Age (ref = 25 years or more)
17–19	0.82	0.49–1.39	0.460	1.02	0.67–1.56	0.910
20–24	1.04	0.68–1.60	0.852	1.27	0.89–1.80	0.189
Indigenous ethnicity (ref = no)	0.98	0.67–1.43	0.923	1.07	0.80–1.42	0.647
Lives with (ref = mother, father, or both)
Other family members	1.34	0.87–2.07	0.190	1.57	1.12–2.19	0.009
Other	1.49	0.96–2.31	0.077	1.39	0.97–1.99	0.073
Parenthood (ref = no)	0.63	0.26–1.53	0.310	0.44	0.22–0.89	0.023
Economic quintile (ref = V)
I–II	0.66	0.41–1.05	0.078	1.65	1.01–2.68	0.046
III	0.83	0.50–1.38	0.466	1.98	1.18–3.32	0.010
IV	0.92	0.53–1.62	0.780	2.38	1.37–4.15	0.002
Economic difficulties due to COVID-19 (ref = no)	0.96	0.69–1.31	0.777	1.73	1.35–2.23	<0.001
Inadequate study conditions (ref = no)	0.97	0.70–1.37	0.881	1.24	0.96–1.61	0.101
Social group membership (ref = no)	0.61	0.43–0.89	0.009	0.76	0.58–1.01	0.058
Perceived social support	0.96	0.94–0.97	<0.001	0.93	0.92–0.94	<0.001

SDE, Subthreshold depressive episode; MDE, Major depressive episode; RRR, relative risk ratio; Ref, reference category for categorical variables.