Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants aged 45–79 years, NHIS 2002 and 2008.
| Characteristics | Without multiple sclerosis | With multiple sclerosis | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 22,933 | 120 | ||
| Age, years | 58.25 (0.08) | 56.79 (0.95) | 0.009 | |
| Sex, % | ||||
| Males | 47.74 (0.39) | 24.86 (4.53) | <0.001 | |
| Females | 52.26 (0.39) | 75.14 (4.53) | ||
| Race/ethnicity, % | ||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 76.11 (0.39) | 88.24 (2.90) | 0.02 | |
| Non-Hispanic black | 10.20 (0.27) | 4.76 (1.80) | ||
| Hispanic | 8.80 (0.24) | 5.26 (1.92) | ||
| Other | 4.89 (0.18) | 1.73 (1.22) | ||
| IPR, % | ||||
| <1.0 | 7.20 (0.21) | 6.26 (2.19) | 0.95 | |
| 1.0–1.9 | 11.60 (0.26) | 11.13 (3.12) | ||
| 2.0–3.9 | 23.77 (0.37) | 26.46 (4.89) | ||
| ≥ 4.0 | 38.84 (0.48) | 39.56 (5.17) | ||
| Missing | 18.59 (0.39) | 16.58 (3.55) | ||
| Smoking status, % | ||||
| Never smoking | 48.48 (0.41) | 47.48 (5.19) | 0.79 | |
| Former smoking | 31.02 (0.39) | 28.77 (4.96) | ||
| Current smoking | 19.50 (0.33) | 22.01 (4.13) | ||
| Missing | 0.99 (0.08) | 1.75 (1.26) | ||
| Alcohol intake, % | ||||
| Non-drinker | 19.67 (0.35) | 15.49 (3.96) | 0.06 | |
| Past drinker | 19.71 (0.33) | 30.91 (5.20) | ||
| Current drinker | 58.72 (0.42) | 51.34 (5.71) | ||
| Missing | 1.90 (0.11) | 2.26 (1.31) | ||
| Physical activity, % | ||||
| Inactive | 40.27 (0.50) | 57.93 (5.51) | 0.002 | |
| Insufficiently active | 20.00 (0.32) | 17.30 (3.92) | ||
| Sufficiently active | 38.22 (0.46) | 22.36 (4.30) | ||
| Missing | 1.52 (0.12) | 2.41 (1.35) | ||
| BMI, kg/m2, % | ||||
| <18.5 | 1.14 (0.08) | 4.96 (2.51) | 0.02 | |
| 18.5–24.9 | 30.28 (0.36) | 31.57 (5.19) | ||
| 25.0–29.9 | 36.04 (0.36) | 32.23 (4.97) | ||
| ≥ 30 | 32.54 (0.38) | 31.24 (5.38) | ||
| Cardiovascular disease at baseline, % | ||||
| No | 80.83 (0.31) | 76.57 (4.67) | 0.32 | |
| Yes | 19.03 (0.31) | 23.43 (4.67) | ||
| Missing | 0.14 (0.03) | 0 | ||
| Diabetes at baseline, % | ||||
| No | 86.89 (0.27) | 92.36 (2.56) | 0.10 | |
| Yes | 13.05 (0.27) | 7.64 (2.56) | ||
| Missing | 0.07 (0.02) | 0 | ||
| Cancer at baseline, % | ||||
| No | 88.20 (0.23) | 86.56 (3.48) | 0.61 | |
| Yes | 11.73 (0.23) | 13.44 (3.48) | ||
| Missing | 0.06 (0.02) | 0 | ||
| Chronic respiratory disease at baseline, % | ||||
| No | 84.32 (0.29) | 74.06 (5.52) | 0.02 | |
| Yes | 15.54 (0.29) | 25.94 (5.52) | ||
| Missing | 0.14 (0.03) | 0 | ||
Values are means (SE) or percentage (SE) and are weighted.