Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies.
| Authors (ref) | Time | Country | Sample size | Duration of diabetes (y) | Age (y) | Intervention | Study design | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Intervention | Control | Intervention | Control | Intervention | Control | Intervention | ||||
| Abdollahi et al. [19] | 2019 | Iran | 36 | 35 | 8.11 ± 6.9 | 9.4 ± 7.07 | 50.06 ± 7.69 | 50.14 ± 7.38 | Methylcellulose | Rev 1000 mg/d 8 weeks | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel trial |
| Bashmakov et al. [32] | 2014 | Egypt | 10 | 14 | 15.2 ± 6.6 | 15.0 ± 6.9 | 59.8 ± 6.6 | 54.0 ± 10.1 | Placebo | Rev 100 mg/d 60 days | Single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel trial |
| Bhatt et al. [29] | 2012 | India | 29 | 28 | 6.68 ± 4.7 | 7.57 ± 4.56 | 57.75 ± 8.71 | 56.67 ± 8.91 | Oral hypoglycemic | Oral hypoglycemic + rev 250 mg/d 3 months | Double-blind, randomized, parallel trial |
| Bhatt and Nanjan [30] | 2013 | India | 29 | 28 | 6.68 ± 4.7 | 7.57 ± 4.56 | 57.75 ± 8.71 | 56.67 ± 8.91 | Oral hypoglycemic | Oral hypoglycemic + rev 250 mg/d 6 months | Double-blind, randomized, parallel trial |
| Bo et al. [37] | 2016 | Italy | 58 | 59 | 22.6 | 18.5 | 65.4 ± 8.8 | 64.9 ± 8.6 | Totally inert microcellulose | Rev 40 mg/d 6 months | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel trial |
| Bo et al. [37] | 2016 | Italy | 58 | 62 | 22.6 | 18.5 | 65.4 ± 8.8 | 65.0 ± 7.6 | Totally inert microcellulose | Rev 500 mg/d 6 months | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel trial |
| Goh et al. [34] | 2014 | Singapore | 5 | 5 | 9.6 ± 6.3 | 9.4 ± 5.3 | 56.8 ± 5.3 | 55.8 ± 7.3 | Placebo | Rev 3000 mg/d 12 weeks | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel trial |
| Hoseini et al. [20] | 2019 | Iran | 28 | 28 | NA | NA | 63.3 ± 10.1 | 61.0 ± 8.6 | Placebo | Rev 500 mg/d 4 weeks | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel trial |
| Imamura et al. [35] | 2017 | Japan | 25 | 25 | NA | NA | 58 ± 10.1 | 57.4 ± 10.6 | Placebo | Rev 27.97 mg/d 12 weeks | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel trial |
| Ying et al. [26] | 2017 | China | 31 | 32 | 1–3 y | 1–3 y | 64.95 ± 1.35 | 64.94 ± 1.36 | Basic treatment | Basic treatment + rev 1000 mg/d 8 weeks | Randomized, parallel trial |
| Khodabandehloo et al. [21] | 2018 | Iran | 20 | 25 | 11.25 ± 7.41 | 8.64 ± 6.22 | 61.1 ± 5.61 | 54.68 ± 6.72 | Placebo | Rev 800 mg/d 8 weeks | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel trial |
| Xue et al. [27] | 2011 | China | 32 | 32 | 6.8 ± 3.4 | 7.7 ± 2.8 | 50 ± 9.7 | 52 ± 10.6 | Basic treatment | Basic treatment + rev 1500 mg/d 4 weeks | Randomized, parallel trial |
| Movahed et al. [22] | 2013 | Iran | 31 | 33 | 5.39 ± 1.36 | 5.81 ± 6.18 | 51.81 ± 6.99 | 52.45 ± 6.18 | Totally inert microcellulose | Rev 1000 mg/d 1.5 weeks | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel trial |
| Sattarinezhad et al. [23] | 2018 | Iran | 30 | 30 | 14.4 ± 6.3 | 16.1 ± 6.6 | 55.7 ± 10.8 | 56.8 ± 9.7 | Carboxymethylcellulose + losartan | Rev 500 mg/d + losartan 90 days | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel trial |
| Seyyedebrahimi et al. [24] | 2018 | Iran | 23 | 23 | NA | NA | 58.72 ± 6.06 | 54.96 ± 6.37 | Placebo | Rev 800 mg/d 8 weeks | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel trial |
| Thazhath et al. [31] | 2016 | Australia | 14 | 14 | 5 ± 1 | 5 ± 1 | 67.5 ± 1.6 | 67.5 ± 1.6 | Placebo | Rev 1000 mg/d 5 weeks | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial |
| Timmers et al. [33] | 2016 | Netherlands | 17 | 17 | 6.76 ± 3.96 | 6.76 ± 3.96 | 64 ± 7.87 | 64 ± 7.87 | Placebo | Rev 150 mg/d 30 days | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial |
| Tome-Carneiro et al. [36] | 2013 | Spain | 9 | 13 | NA | NA | 57 ± 10 | 63 ± 12 | Maltodextrin | Rev 8.1 mg/d 6 months 16.21 mg/d 6 months | Triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel trial |
| Zhang and Liu [28] | 2018 | China | 20 | 20 | NA | NA | 57.6 ± 5.7 | 57.5 ± 5.9 | Basic treatment | Basic treatment + rev 500 mg/d 12 weeks | Randomized, parallel trial |
| Zhang and Liu [28] | 2018 | China | 20 | 20 | NA | NA | 57.6 ± 5.7 | 58.3 ± 5.7 | Basic treatment | Basic treatment + rev 700 mg/d 12 weeks | Randomized, parallel trial |
| Zhang and Liu [28] | 2018 | China | 20 | 20 | NA | NA | 57.6 ± 5.7 | 58.4 ± 4.8 | Basic treatment | Basic treatment + rev 1000 mg/d 12 weeks | Randomized, parallel trial |
| Javid et al. [25] | 2017 | Iran | 22 | 21 | ＜5 | ＜5 | 50.9 ± 8.9 | 49.1 ± 7.4 | Placebo | Rev 240 mg/d 4 weeks | Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel trial |