Table 5.
The comparison of blood glucose levels before and after dietary intervention.
| Dietary intervention (n=7 per group) | Comparison between groups | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blood glucose level (78–155 mg/dl) (M ± SD) | ||||
| 0th day | 3rd month | 6th month | p value∗ | |
| NDCa | 96.57 ± 0.53a | 95.57 ± 3.95a | 99.14 ± 4.53a | 0.22 |
| HFDCb | 96.71 ± 0.76a | 118.57 ± 10.69ba,b | 160.57 ± 2.64ba,bc,c | 0.00 |
| Kefir + HFDc | 96.85 ± 0.69a | 109.00 ± 4.47ca,cb,b | 120.86 ± 2.19ca,ce,c | 0.00 |
| Tarhana + HFDd | 96.14 ± 1.34a | 103.71 ± 3.82db,b | 117.86 ± 2.04da,db,c | 0.00 |
| Kefir + Tarhana + HFDe | 96.71 ± 0.75a | 104.14 ± 2.41eb,b | 113.85 ± 4.98ea,eb,c | 0.00 |
| p value | 0.59 | 0.00 | 0.00 | |
NDC, Normal diet control; HFDC, High fat diet control; Kefir + HFD, Kefir + High fat diet; Tarhana + HFD, Tarhana + High fat diet; Kefir + Tarhana + HFD, Kefir + Tarhana + High fat diet. a, b, c, d, e: Lettering represent groups. It states that there is a substantial difference among interventions represented by the letters in the double lettering. p values are for changes between groups (p < 0.05). Multiple group comparisons were performed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD posthoc test. a, b, c: Lettering represents time points. The difference in averages was made by Bonferroni multiple comparisons. The differences with 95% confidence were marked with different notations. ∗p values are for changes within groups (p < 0.05).