Table 2.
Daily dietary intake of participants during the trial (mean ± SD).
| Variables | Mean ± SD | p value2 | p value3 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Synbiotics (n = 52) | Placebo (n = 56) | ||||
| Energy (kcal) | Baseline | 1963.75 ± 437.99 | 1903.82 ± 368.23 | 0.578 | |
| At 12 wk | 1443.86 ± 290.36 | 1526.90 ± 440.42 | 0.382 | ||
| p value1 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.21 | ||
|
| |||||
| Protein (g) | Baseline | 73.27 ± 27.69 | 70.95 ± 17.95 | 0.702 | |
| At 12 wk | 55.13 ± 24.10 | 64.10 ± 20.68 | 0.137 | ||
| p value1 | 0.02 | 0.11 | 0.16 | ||
|
| |||||
| Fat (g) | Baseline | 80.09 ± 32.18 | 77.22 ± 24.23 | 0.703 | |
| At 12 wk | 51.74 ± 8.79 | 54.99 ± 23.43 | 0.578 | ||
| p value1 | <0.001 | 0.001 | 0.49 | ||
|
| |||||
| Carbohydrate (g) | Baseline | 242.38 ± 56.58 | 237.52 ± 58.43 | 0.755 | |
| At 12 wk | 188.53 ± 50.42 | 195.78 ± 62.46 | 0.642 | ||
| p value1 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.36 | ||
|
| |||||
| Glucose (g) | Baseline | 54.49 ± 18.28 | 59.75 ± 19.59 | 0.308 | |
| At 12 wk | 33.70 ± 16.43 | 35.21 ± 22.73 | 0.783 | ||
| p value1 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.59 | ||
p value1: significance of within-group alterations (paired t-test); p value2: significance of between-group alterations (independent t-test); p value3: treatment by analysis of covariance (adjusted baseline variable).