Table 3.
Comparison of clinical and radiographic variables between vascular injury and non-vascular injury groups (in patients where dedicated vascular imaging was completed)
| Clinical Variables | Vascular Injury (N=41) | Non-Vascular Injury (N=31) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median age (IQR), yrs | 24 (15) | 27(19) | 0.406 |
| Male (%) | 34 (83) | 26 (84) | 0.915 |
| Median GCS (IQR) | 5 (7) | 11 (10) | *0.023 |
| CT Variables | |||
| Presumed Entry Site | |||
| Frontobasal (%) | 22 (54) | 13 (42) | 0.324 |
| Facial (%) | 4 (10) | 0(0) | 0.074 |
| Orbital (%) | 5 (12) | 4 (13) | 0.928 |
| Frontal (%) | 13 (32) | 9 (29) | 0.807 |
| Temporal (%) | 5 (12) | 8 (26) | 0.137 |
| Parieto-occipital (%) | 14 (34) | 10 (32) | 0.866 |
| Parietal (%) | 9 (22) | 4 (13) | 0.323 |
| Occipital (%) | 5 (12) | 6 (19) | 0.403 |
| Injury | |||
| Bihemispheric involvement (%) | 18 (44) | 9 (29) | 0.197 |
| Frontal lobe (%) | 26 (63) | 19 (61) | 0.854 |
| Parietal lobe (%) | 21 (51) | 12 (39) | 0.291 |
| Temporal lobe (%) | 13 (32) | 11 (35) | 0.736 |
| Occipital lobe (%) | 6 (15) | 7 (23) | 0.385 |
| Thalamus (%) | 9 (22) | 6 (19) | 0.788 |
| Posterior fossa (%) | 3 (7) | 4 (13) | 0.428 |
| Brainstem (%) | 3 (7) | 3 (!0) | 0.72 |
| IVH (%) | 15 (37) | 6 (19) | 0.111 |
| SAH (%) | 32 (78) | 28 (90) | 0.166 |
| Intracerebral bullet fragments (%) | 27 (66) | 20 (64) | 0.906 |
| Intracerebral bone fragments (%) | 33 (80) | 22 (71) | 0.346 |
| Outcome Variables | |||
| Median Length of Stay (IQR), d | 5 (14) | 7 (13) | 0.363 |
| Median GOSE at discharge (IQR) | 2 (3) | 5 (4) | *0.003 |
| Favorable Outcome (%) | 16 (39) | 21 (68) | *0.016 |
| Mortality (%) | 20 (49) | 7 (23) | *0.023 |
GCS = Glasgow Coma Scale; IVH = intraventricular hemorrhage; SAH = subarachnoid hemorrhage; GOSE = extended Glasgow Outcome Scale