Table 1.

Animal models deficient in adaptive immunity and FBR

Animal Model	Polymer	Implantation Model	Duration	Compared to WT?	Measured Outcomes	Reference
hypogammaglobulinemic CB-17 SCID mice	PET	intraperitoneal	16 hours	Y	No change (leukocyte accumulation)	[86]
B cells & T cells (deficient) CB-17 SCID mice	PGA-P(CL/LA) & PLLA-P(CL/LA)	inferior vena cava & aorta	21–42 days	N	No change (leukocyte accumulation, FBGC formation, collagen deposition, vascularization)	[84]
T cells (deficient) BALB/C nude mice	PEU & PET & SR	subcutaneous (cage implant)	7–21 days	Y	No change (leukocyte accumulation*, FBGC formation) *Lower adherent cell densities in nude mice with PET at day 7 & PEU at day 21.	[80]
T cells (deficient) BALB/C nude mice	PCL-Gelatin-HA	subcutaneous	28–56 days	N	No change (fibrous encapsulation)	[82]
NK cells (deficient) C57BL/6J mice
NKT cells (deficient) BALB/CJ mice
IL-4Ra (deficient) BALB/CJ mice	PEU & PET	subcutaneous	14–28 days	Y	No change (leukocyte accumulation, FBGC formation)	[83]
mast cells (deficient) C57BL/6J mice
B cells & T cells (deficient) C57BL/6J SCID mice
T cells (deficient) BALB/C nude mice	PCL-CaP	subcutaneous	4–14 days	Y	No change (collagen deposition), vascularization ↑	[81]
IFN-γ (KO) C57BL/6 mice	PE-PUR	subcutaneous	7 days	Y	leukocyte accumulation ↓, vascularization ↓, pro-inflammatory cytokines ↓, anti-inflammatory cytokine ↑, collagen deposition ↓	[97]
MyD88 (KO) B6.129P2(SJL)- MyD 8 8 <tm 1.1Defr>/J mice	PEG	subcutaneous	2–28 days	Y	leukocyte accumulation ↓, fibrous encapsulation ↓, vascularization ↓	[96]
T cells (deficient) C57BL/6 nude mice	PDMS	subcutaneous	21 –42 days	Y	0 |am, Ra: No change (leukocyte accumulation & fibrous encapsulation) 40 ^m, Ra: leukocyte accumulation ↑ & fibrous encapsulation ↑	[141]
IL-17A (KO) & IL-17RA (KO) C57BL/6J mice	PCL	intramuscular	42–84 days	Y	leukocyte accumulation ↓, fibrosis-related gene expression ↓, collagen deposition ↓, fibrous encapsulation ↓, fiber diameter ↓	[10]
B cells (KO) C57BL/6J muMt-mice	PCL	intramuscular	7–42 days	Y	No change (leukocyte accumulation), fibrosis-related gene expression ↓, collagen deposition ↓	[79]
B cells & T cells (deficient) CB-17 NOD SCID mice	PVA	subcutaneous	2–14 days	Y	No change (leukocyte accumulation)	[85]
T cells (deficient) CBH-rnu/Arc nude rats	PA-Gelatin	subcutaneous	7–90 days	N	No change (leukocyte accumulation, vascularization, collagen deposition, fibrotic tissue ingrowth)	[110], [111]
T cells (deficient) Sprague-Dawley nude rats	PPF-pericardium	subcutaneous	42 days	Y	No change (leukocyte accumulation)	[17]