Table 3. Absolute accumulated 4-year per-person healthcare costs (euros, €) for the Stable, adequate glycaemic control trajectory.

Mean differences in accumulated 4-year per-person healthcare costs between HbA1c trajectories with bootstrapped 95% confidence intervals (Stable, adequate glycaemic control trajectory as a reference). All costs are Kaplan-Meier sample average adjusted and calculated for 2014–2017.

	Accumulated 4-year per-person costs, €	Mean differences in accumulated 4-year per-person costs (€) compared with Stable, adequate glycaemic control trajectory (bootstrapped 95% CI)
Trajectory	Stable, adequate glycaemic control	Slowly deteriorating glycaemic control	Rapidly deteriorating glycaemic control	Late diagnosed patients
n (%), alive on Jan 1, 2014	1032 (68.7)	335 (22.1)	90 (6.2)	44 (3.1)
Accumulated total costs	15 341	3882 (-899 to 8872)	1021 (-4122 to 6522)	2817 (-7416 to 18 669)
1. Accumulated social- and healthcare costs	12 124	3192 (-1306 to 8015)	-107 (-4749 to 5156)	1379 (-8443 to 17 069)
i) Primary healthcare costs	3006	599 (-423 to 1847)	478 (-952 to 2188)	-534 (-1843 to 1432)
-Outpatient visits	1659	54 (-187 to 295)	79 (-446 to 696)	-637 (-949 to -302)
-Inpatient visits	1347	546 (-421 to 1739)	398 (-734 to 1903)	103 (-1094 to 1910)
ii) Specialized healthcare costs	4543	793 (-1110 to 3184)	48 (-2023 to 2522)	-1550 (-3328 to 411)
-Outpatient visits	1920	-98 (-762 to 551)	-435 (-1134 to 312)	-1035 (-1664 to -418)
-Inpatient visits	2622	891 (-679 to 3016)	483 (-1246 to 2745)	-515 (-1943 to 1094)
iii) Nursing home care costs	1200	1767 (-106 to 4035)	-396 (-1585 to 1055)	-750 (-1691 to 456)
iv) Home care costs	3376	32 (-2500 to 2629)	-236 (-3354 to 3446)	4213 (-3541 to 17 773)
2. Accumulated medication costs	3216	690 (2 to 1486)	1128 (178 to 2211)	1437 (162 to 2805)
i) Accumulated diabetes medication costs	363	795 (649 to 959)	2081 (1542 to 2657)	2046 (1283 to 2884)