Table 1.
Characteristics of Participants at Baseline
| Whole Sample (n= 1 095) | Those Without MCR (n= 699) | Those With MCR (n=97) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean, SD | 75.4 | 6.7 | 75.1 | 6.5 | 75.2 | 6.7 |
| Female, n, % | 614 | 56.1 | 406 | 58.1 | 58 | 59.8 |
| Education(years), mean, SD | 17.5 | 2.8 | 17.6 | 2.7 | 17.6 | 3.3 |
| MCR, n, % | 97 | 12.2 | ||||
| OPEL n, % | 582 | 53.3 | 384 | 54.9 | 50 | 51.6 |
| Medical conditions | ||||||
| Hypertension, n, % | 452 | 41.3 | 271 | 38.8 | 56 | 57.7 |
| Diabetes, n, % | 92 | 8.4 | 50 | 7.2 | 14 | 14.4 |
| Cardiac arrhythmias, n, % | 10 | 0.9 | 4 | 0.6 | 1 | 1.0 |
| Stroke, n, % | 38 | 3.5 | 18 | 2.6 | 6 | 6.2 |
| Parkinson’s disease, n, % | 13 | 1.2 | 6 | 0.9 | 2 | 2.1 |
| BMI, mean, SD | 26.5 | 4.7 | 26.2 | 4.5 | 28.6 | 5.7 |
| Gait measures | ||||||
| STW-speed (cm/s), mean, SD | 110.2 | 20.1 | 113.9 | 18.0 | 83.5 | 12.1 |
| WWT-speed (cm/s), mean, SD | 76.6 | 26.8 | 78.9 | 27.1 | 58.7 | 16.8 |
| Cognitive tests | ||||||
| Global cognition, mean, SD (–24.1, 13.8) | .5 | 5.8 | .9 | 5.5 | .6 | 5.0 |
| TMT B-A (seconds), mean, SD (–13, 305) | 48.2 | 35.9 | 47.1 | 33.6 | 48.0 | 36.9 |
| TMT-A (seconds), mean, SD (15–117) | 42.9 | 17.0 | 41.3 | 14.9 | 43.7 | 14.8 |
| Digit Span, mean, SD (8–30) | 17.6 | 3.7 | 17.7 | 3.7 | 17.4 | 3.7 |
| Digit Symbol, mean, SD (17–103) | 59.6 | 14.4 | 60.7 | 14.1 | 58.4 | 12.3 |
| Boston Naming, mean, SD (0–15) | 13.3 | 2.2 | 13.3 | 1.9 | 13.7 | 1.5 |
| Logical Memory, mean, SD (4–46) | 23.2 | 6.3 | 23.3 | 6.1 | 24.5 | 6.1 |
| Figure copy, mean, SD (9–20) | 18.8 | 1.7 | 18.8 | 1.6 | 18.8 | 1.67 |
| Figure recall, mean, SD (0–20) | 12.9 | 3.9 | 13.1 | 3.8 | 13.1 | 3.7 |
| Free recall, mean, SD (2–46) | 33.3 | 5.4 | 33.7 | 5.2 | 33.7 | 4.7 |
| Category fluency, mean, SD (13–88) | 46.9 | 10.8 | 47.7 | 10.7 | 47.4 | 9.4 |
| Phonemic fluency, mean, SD (11–88) | 48.0 | 12.6 | 48.7 | 12.1 | 45.8 | 13.2 |
Notes: BMI = body mass index; MCR = motoric cognitive risk syndrome; OPEL = offspring of parents with exceptional longevity; SD = standard deviation; STW-speed = gait speed during single-task walking; TMT = Trial Making Test; WWT-speed = gait speed during walking while talking. The LonGenity study was composed of highly educated older adults (majority female) with low disease comorbidity, except for hypertension. The MCR prevalence was 12.2%. Participants had good gait speed and neuropsychological test scores at baseline. Compared to those without MCR at baseline, those with MCR had greater BMI, and slower walking speeds (both STW, WWT), but there was no difference in neuropsychological test scores.