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. 2022 Jun 1;606(7912):75–81. doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-04725-x

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Each panel compares experimentally obtained sample probabilities, against those calculated from the ground truth (r, T), for up to six-photon events in a 16-mode state. A total of 84.1 × 10⁶ samples were collected and divided according to their total photon number N and further split according to the collision pattern, from no collision (no more than one photon detected per PNR) to collisions of different densities (more than one photon per PNR). The overall fidelity (F) and TVD to simulations for each photon-number event is shown below. Further analysis of TVD for classical adversaries in the 16-mode GBS instance can be found in the Supplementary Information.