a Lysates of BV-2 microglial cells were collected by M-PER lysis and incubated with compounds 5, 9, 11, and 12 (50 μM) for 1 h. Then, pronase E was added and incubated for 15 min, and each reaction was stopped by the addition of a protease inhibitor cocktail. The protein level of MIF was determined by Western blotting. b–d BV-2 microglial cells were treated with MIF siRNA or scrambled siRNA (NC) for 36–48 h and then primed with LPS (0.2 µg/mL) with or without compounds 5, 9, 11, and 12 (50 μM) for 6 h. mRNA expression of MIF (b) and iNOS (c, d) was examined by RT-qPCR. ***P < 0.001 compared to the LPS-alone group.