SDS-PAGE of Cry1Ac toxin and domain III mutants after trypsin digestion. Solubilized protoxin was digested with 2% trypsin (wt/wt) for 2 h at 37°C. An additional dose of 1% trypsin was freshly added, and the mixture was further incubated for 1 h. The purity of activated toxins was examined by SDS-10% PAGE. Lane 1, molecular marker; lane 2, Cry1Ac; lane 3, 503SS504; lane 4, 506NNI508; lane 5, 509QNR511; lane 6, 522ST523; lane 7, 524ST525; lane 8, 509Q-A; lane 9, 510N-A; lane 10, 511R-A; lane 11, 513Y-A.