Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics and dementia status at baseline among the full National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center sample, stratified by race, 2005-2020.
| Characteristic | Black (N = 5,700) |
White (N = 31,225) |
t (d) | χ2 (OR) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demented at Baseline Visit | 1,528 (26.8) | 11,267 (36.1) | -- | 183.17 (0.65)*** |
| Demographic Variables | ||||
| Age (years), M (SD) | 72.12 (9.08) | 71.77 (10.69) | 2.33 (0.035)*** | -- |
| Education (years), M (SD) | 13.98 (3.29) | 15.72 (2.87) | −41.11 (.564)*** | -- |
| Sex, No. (%)† | ||||
| Female | 4,138 (72.6) | 14,560 (46.6) | -- | 724.31 (.14)*** |
| Male | 1,562 (27.4) | 16,665 (53.4) | ||
| APOE ε4 alleles, No. (%)‡ | ||||
| 0 allele | 1,947 (54.4) | 13,484 (58.9) | -- | 27.48 (1.20)*** |
| 1 allele | 1,373 (38.4) | 7,798 (34.1) | ||
| 2 alleles | 258 (7.2) | 1,599 (7.0) | ||
| Physiological & Lab Variables, M (SD) | ||||
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 29.44 (6.42) | 26.63 (4.94) | 35.44 (0.49)*** | -- |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 138.36 (20.02) | 133.36 (18.55) | 17.60 (0.26)*** | -- |
| Diastolic, mm Hg | 77.57 (11.67) | 74.96 (10.43) | 16.23 (0.24)*** | -- |
| Hypercholesterolemia, No. (%)§ | 2,898 (51.7) | 15,344 (49.7) | -- | 7.39 (1.08)** |
| Cardiovascular Disease, No. (%) | ||||
| Hypertension§ | 4,183 (73.7) | 14,089 (45.3) | -- | 1,546.32 (3.38)*** |
| Diabetes mellitus§ | 1,500 (26.5) | 2,879 (9.2) | -- | 1,359.86 (3.54)*** |
| Stroke§ | 428 (7.5) | 1,206 (3.9) | -- | 151.72 (2.02)*** |
| Myocardial infarction§ | 301 (5.3) | 1,689 (5.4) | -- | 0.14 (0.98) |
| Congestive heart failure§ | 30 (2.3) | 58 (0.8) | -- | 23.18 (2.85)*** |
| Medication Use, No. (%) | ||||
| Antihypertensive | 3,765 (66.7) | 15,239 (49.3) | -- | 576.71 (2.06)*** |
| Cholesterol-lowering | 2,218 (39.3) | 12,736 (41.2) | -- | 7.40 (0.92)** |
| Diabetes medication | 1,109 (19.6) | 2,207 (7.1) | -- | 903.94 (3.18)*** |
| Smoking Status | ||||
| Cigarette use (years), M (SD) | 11.93 (17.24) | 9.53 (14.63) | 10.81 (0.15)*** | -- |
| Current cigarette use (years), No. (%) | 481 (8.5) | 1,209 (3.9) | -- | 229.06 (2.28)*** |
Values are displayed as M (SD) for continuous variables, and No. (%) for all categorical variables; percentages are within-column (e.g., race); OR analyses conducted with Black coded 1 and White coded 0.
CONSORT flow diagram represented in Supplemental file 1.
†
ϕ displayed for sex comparison effect size;
‡
OR shown reflects binary comparison (e.g., 0 vs. ≥ 1 APOE ε4 allele);
§
Frequencies reflect any history (e.g., remote, recent, or active).
Abbreviations: APOE ε4, Apolipoprotein E ε4; M, Mean; No., Number; OR, Odds ratio; SD, Standard deviation.
**
p<.01;
***
p<.001