Table 2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics among National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center participants with dementia at baseline, stratified by race, 2005-2020.
| Characteristic | Black (N = 1,528) |
White (N = 11,267) |
t (d) | χ2 (OR) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic Variables | ||||
| Age (years), M (SD) | 76.04 (9.11) | 72.24 (10.50) | 13.47 (0.39)*** | -- |
| Education (years), M (SD) | 12.75 (3.56) | 15.12 (3.01) | 28.10 (0.72)*** | -- |
| Sex † | ||||
| Female, No. (%) | 1,021 (66.8) | 5,509 (48.9) | -- | 172.99 (.12)*** |
| Male, No. (%) | 507 (33.2) | 5,758 (51.2) | ||
| APOE ε4 alleles, No. (%)‡ | ||||
| 0 allele | 318 (36.1) | 3,839 (47.3) | ||
| 1 allele | 433 (49.1) | 3,358 (41.4) | -- | 41.22 (1.59)*** |
| 2 alleles | 130 (14.8) | 916 (11.3) | ||
| Physiological & Lab Variables, M (SD) | ||||
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.01 (5.81) | 26.27 (4.83) | 5.01 (0.14)*** | -- |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 139.59 (21.20) | 133.83 (19.11) | 10.38 (0.29)*** | -- |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg | 76.90 (11.96) | 75.25 (10.72) | 5.32 (0.15)*** | -- |
| Hypercholesterolemia, No. (%)§ | 751 (50.3) | 5,506 (49.4) | -- | 0.36 (1.03) |
| Cardiovascular Disease, No. (%) | ||||
| Hypertension§ | 1,148 (75.4) | 5,135 (45.8) | -- | 469.73 (3.63)*** |
| Diabetes mellitus§ | 379 (25.0) | 1,043 (9.3) | -- | 330.94 (3.25)*** |
| Stroke§ | 207 (13.6) | 598 (5.3) | -- | 155.24 (2.80)*** |
| Myocardial infarction§ | 100 (6.6) | 679 (6.1) | -- | 0.64 (1.09) |
| Congestive heart failure§ | 86 (5.7) | 266 (2.4) | -- | 54.05 (2.47)*** |
| Medication Use, No. (%) | ||||
| Antihypertensive | 1,031 (68.4) | 5,392 (48.2) | -- | 216.28 (2.32)*** |
| Cholesterol-lowering | 620 (41.1) | 4,522 (40.5) | -- | 0.26 (1.03) |
| Diabetes medication | 272 (18.0) | 775 (6.9) | -- | 216.68 (2.96)*** |
| Smoking Status | ||||
| Cigarette use (years), M (SD) | 11.55 (17.65) | 9.71 (15.35) | 4.13 (0.11)*** | -- |
| Current cigarette use, No. (%) | 103 (6.8) | 483 (4.3) | -- | 18.62 (1.62)*** |
Values are displayed as M (SD) for continuous variables, and No. (%) for all categorical variables; percentages are within-column (e.g., race); OR analyses conducted with Black coded 1 and White coded 0.
CONSORT flow diagram represented in Supplemental file 2.
†
ϕ displayed for sex comparison effect size;
‡
OR shown reflects binary comparison (e.g., 0 vs. ≥ 1 APOE ε4 allele);
§
Frequencies reflect any history (e.g., remote, recent, or active).
Abbreviations: APOE ε4, Apolipoprotein E ε4; BP, Blood pressure; M, Mean; No., Number; OR, Odds ratio; SD, Standard deviation.
***
p<.001