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. 2022 May 19;13:818173. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.818173

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Estrogen increased mannan-induced skin inflammation promoted ER-β expression in keratinocytes. (A) Immunofluorescence staining of ER-β (red) and keratinocytes (green) in male and female mice with or without mannan application (n = 3/group); Effect of (B) endogenous estrogen, (C) 17-β-estradiol, (D) ER-β antagonist or agonist on ER-β expression in keratinocytes under normal and inflammatory conditions (n = 3/group). Scale bar: 200 µm. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). (E-H) For quantification of immunofluorescence staining, mean fluorescence intensity of ER-β stained keratinocytes was calculated using Image J software. Representative pictures are shown. Man, mannan; NM, Naive Male; MM, Man + Male; NF, Naive Female; MF, Man + Female; PO, PBS + OVX; MO, Man + OVX; PS, PBS + Sham; MS, Man + Sham; Mig, miglyol; E2, 17-β-estradiol; Oil (P), E2 + Corn oil + Man; PHTPP, E2 + PHTPP +Man; Oil (D), Corn oil + Man; DPN, DPN + Man. Statistical analyses were performed using an unpaired t test and n indicates number of mice used in each group. The data represent mean ± SEM. ns, not significant. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01. ***p < 0.001.