Table 2.

Difference-in-differences results on type 2 diabetes incidence.

	Type 2 diabetes incidence Years: 2018 to 2019
Difference-in-differences	IRR	95% Confidence Interval
Wave 1 vs Final Wave	0·938⁎⁎⁎	(0·905 to 0·972)
Observations=38,647
	Type 2 diabetes incidence Years: 2019
Wave 2 vs Final Wave	0·927*	(0·885 to 0·972)
Observations=22,142

Notes:

^⁎p < 0·05.

**p < 0·01.

^⁎⁎⁎p < 0·001. Incident rate ratios from random effects Poisson regression models. Models also include the following covariates measured at April 2018: Payment received per weighted patient; whether the practice received additional income than was recommended by the capitation formula through the Minimum Practice Income Guarantee (MPIG); contract type; dispensing status; rural location; QOF achievement for diabetes and exception reporting; and quality rating from the Care Quality Commission; percentages of registered population in each deprivation decile, and the ethnicity, gender and age composition of the practice's registered patients.