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. 2022 May 19;10:894472. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.894472

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Copyright © 2022 Avesani, Kang, Jalal, Thambo and Iriart.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Use of echocardiography-fluroroscopy fusion (EFF) to facilitate mitral paravalvular leak (PVL) closure. (A,B) Anatomical markers placed on fluoroscopy and echocardiography. Marker 1 (yellow arrow) indicate position of transeptal puncture. Marker 2 (white arrow) indicate site of mitral PVL. (B) Color flow Doppler confirming mitral PVL. Combined EFF image allows efficient crossing of PVL (C,D). Continuous feedback from EFF facilitates alignment of delivery sheath and device deployment. (E) Fluoroscopy showed good device position post release, (F) confirmed by echocardiography and no residual leak was observed. Courtesy of Dr. Juan Pablo Sandoval, Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia Ignacio Chavez, Mexico City, Mexico.