Table 1.
Patient demographics, operative and pathological characteristics and outcomes
|
Factors
|
Total (n = 81)
|
PALN+ (n = 17)
|
PALN- (n = 64)
|
P
value
|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (median and range in years) | 69 (43-84) | 68.8 (61-72.3) | 69 (61-75) | 0.404 |
| Gender, male (%) | 38 (47) | 12 (71) | 33 (52) | 0.171 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.1 (22.0-27.8) | 26.2 (22.2-27.8) | 24.9 (21.9-27.7) | 0.413 |
| Non-smoker (%) | 13 (73) | 14 (82) | 46 (72) | 0.462 |
| Preoperative CA19-9 levels (KU/L) | 286 (2-36000) | 410 (14-2784) | 252 (2-36000) | 0.594 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 4 (3-5) | 4 (3-5) | 4.5 (3-5) | 0.079 |
| Preoperative radiological stage n (%) | ||||
| Resectable | 41 (51) | 8 (47) | 33 (52) | 0.601 |
| Borderline resectable | 31 (38) | 8(47) | 23 (36) | |
| Locally advanced | 9 (11) | 1 (6) | 8 (12) | |
| Operation, n (%) | ||||
| Distal pancreatectomy | 1 (1) | 0 | 1 (1) | 0.681 |
| Total pancreatectomy | 14 (17) | 2 (12) | 12 (19) | |
| Pancreaticoduodenectomy | 66 (82) | 15 (88) | 51 (80) | |
| Vein resection | 33 (41) | 7 (41) | 26 (41) | 0.310 |
| Arterial resection | 3 (4) | 1 (6) | 2 (3) | 0.842 |
| Pathological staging, n (%) | 1.000 | |||
| pT1 | 13 (16) | 3 (18) | 10 (16) | 0.951 |
| pT2 | 46 (57) | 9 (53) | 37 (58) | |
| pT3 | 21 (26) | 5 (29) | 16 (25) | |
| pT4 | 1 (1) | 0 | 1 (1) | |
| pN0 | 14 (79) | 0 | 14 (22) | 0.005 |
| pN1 | 24 (30) | 3 (18) | 21 (33) | |
| pN2 | 43 (53) | 14 (82) | 29 (45) | |
| Resection margin, n (%) | ||||
| Negative | 39 (48) | 6 (35) | 33 (52) | 0.282 |
| Positive | 42 (52) | 11 (65) | 31 (48) | |
| Perineural invasion | 66 (83) | 15 (88) | 51 (80) | 0.722 |
| Perivascular invasion | 59 (73) | 13 (77) | 46 (72) | 1.000 |
| Chemotherapy, n (%) | 55 (74) | 12 (71) | 43 (67) | 0.746 |
| Neoadjuvant therapy | 13 (16) | 2 (12) | 11 (17) | 0.726 |
| Adjuvant chemotherapy | 49 (66) | 12 (71) | 37 (58) | 0.553 |
| Post-operative complications, n (%) | ||||
| Clavien Dindo category ≥ 3 | 10 (12) | 2 (11.8) | 8 (12.5) | 0.549 |
| Chyle leak | 1 (1) | 0 | 1 (1.56) | 0.835 |
| Perioperative haemorrhage | 2 (2) | 0 | 2 (3.13) | 0.712 |
| Comprehensive complication index | 0 (0-20.9) | 0 (0-20.9) | 0 (0-20.9) | 0.083 |
| Hospital length of stay (median and range in days) | 9 (1-76) | 8 (5-30) | 10 (1-76) | 0.138 |
BMI: Body mass index; PALN: Para-aortic lymph nodes.