Table 2.
Confirmatory factor analysis (standardized factor loadings) for 7-item depressive affect factor by survey wave: Americans’ changing lives study (1986–2011).
| CES-D Items* | Wave 1 (1986) | Wave 2 (1989) | Wave 3 (1994) | Wave 4 (2001) | Wave 5 (2011) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feel Depressed | .83 | .85 | .85 | .85 | .86 |
| Everything an Effort | .63 | .64 | .63 | .69 | .74 |
| Trouble Sleeping | .57 | .55 | .59 | .57 | .61 |
| Feel Lonely | .75 | .72 | .74 | .71 | .80 |
| Trouble Eating | .60 | .58 | .61 | .61 | .68 |
| Feel Sad | .84 | .84 | .85 | .8 | .86 |
| Can't Get Going | .66 | .67 | .61 | .64 | .77 |
| Fit Indices | |||||
| CFI | .98 | .97 | .99 | .98 | .99 |
| TLI | .97 | .96 | .98 | .97 | .99 |
| RMSEA | .07 | .08 | .05 | .07 | .06 |
* Items are modeled as ordered categorical; all loadings are significant at p < .05.
CES-D = Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale.
CFI = Comparative Fit Index.
TLI = Tucker-Lewis Index.
RMSEA = Root Mean Square Error of Approximation.