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. 2022 May 19;13:856758. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.856758

Table 2.

Means and standard deviations for overall school-related well-being and single EPOCH-S dimensions by gender role self-concept and sex.

Gender role self-concept Sex N Overall well-being Engagement Perseverance Optimism Connectedness Happiness
M SD M SD M SD M SD M SD M SD
Androgynous Boys 163 3.71a 0.54 3.07a 0.85 3.81a 0.74 3.72a 0.81 4.15a 0.72 3.77a 0.87
Girls 216 3.78a* 0.54 3.08a* 0.80 3.93a* 0.77 3.57a 0.79 4.34a* 0.68 3.86a* 0.86
Masculine Boys 128 3.26b 0.53 2.61b 0.85 3.29b,c 0.85 3.25b 0.83 3.85b 0.68 3.32b 0.91
Girls 58 3.54b* 0.53 2.79b* 0.74 3.67b,c* 0.83 3.41b 0.88 4.19b* 0.73 3.61b* 0.80
Feminine Boys 53 3.32b 0.49 2.64b 0.75 3.60b 0.78 3.37b 0.74 3.76b 0.90 3.25b 0.93
Girls 121 3.48b* 0.49 2.80b* 0.77 3.62b* 0.75 3.32b 0.82 4.15b* 0.77 3.47b* 0.84
Undifferentiated Boys 133 3.11c 0.59 2.56b 0.89 3.49c 0.84 3.14c 0.88 3.51c 0.83 3.14c 0.89
Girls 124 3.22c* 0.55 2.76b* 0.80 3.71c* 0.80 2.91c 0.80 3.76c* 0.86 3.18c* 0.84

Means not sharing the same (a, b, c) superscripts within column are significantly different, with superscripts from a to c indicating scores from highest to lowest. An * indicates significant gender differences for each dimension with * being placed next to the higher mean.