Figure 1.

Preventive efficacy of Trichogin GA IV-derived peptides against Botrytis cinerea infection on Solanum lycopersicum cv. Marmande leaves. Treatments were performed on the lower (abaxial) surface by spraying 50 μM peptide solution in water (A), or in 0.01% v/v of surfactant Silwet L-77 AG (B). The pathogen was inoculated 48 h later by drop inoculation with a conidial suspension of B. cinerea. Conidia were applied on the abaxial (peptide-treated; A) or adaxial (untreated; B) leaf surface. Lesion diameters were measured 3 days after infection. Control leaves were treated with water (A) or water containing 0.01% Silwet L-77 (B). Values from 12 biological replicates (A) or 9–14 biological replicates (B) are reported as Tukey boxplots. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey–Kramer post-test (p < 0.05). Statistically significant differences are shown by different letters.