Table 1.

Screening results of 18 indigenous bat species sampled in Germany between 1993 and 2012 for the presence of lyssavirus-specific RNA (oropharyngeal swabs) and VNAs (serum samples) using RT–PCR and modified RFFIT, respectively

Bat species	Oral swab samples tested for				Serum samples tested for EBLV-1
	EBLV-1		EBLV-2	BBLV	Sampled	Tested	VNA titre
	N	Pos.	N	N	N	N	<1:10	<1:20	⩾1:10	⩾1:20	⩾1:40	⩾1:80
B. barbastellus	105	1	83	3	58	36	10	8	11	7
E. nilssonii	40		40	4	5	0
E. serotinus	286	5	259	6	226	174	133	12	18	3	4	4
M. alcathoe	10		10	6
M. bechsteinii	94		92	48	3	1	1
M. brandtii	187		186	152	4	0
M. dasycneme	1		1
M. daubentonii	387		654	74	4	0
M. myotis	431		431	287	336	231	208		17	2	3	1
M. mystacinus	43		42	35
M. nattereri	717	1	679	696	92	23	15		8
N. leisleri	256		253	3	202	106	99		7
N. noctula	876		691	48	756	627	571	9	40	7
P. nathusii	433		395	88	18	5	2		3
P. pipistrellus	54		53	15
P. pygmaeus	193		193	164
Pl. auritus	161		144	30	17	9	8	1
Pl. austriacus	3		3	2	15	14	3		11
Total	4277	7	4209	1661	1736	1226	1050	30	115	19	7	5

VNA, Virus neutralization antibody; RT–PCR, reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction; RFFIT, rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test.