Table 1.

Defining the parameters of the equations for calculating the daily intake of heavy metals via various exposure pathways

Parameter	Definition	Value of parameter		Unit	Ref
C	Heavy metal concentration	Observed value		mg/kg or mg/L	–
EF	Exposure frequency	350		Day/a	[32]
ED	Exposure duration	Girls	5.5	Day	[3]
		Boys	5.5
		Women	30
		Men	30
Irs	Soil ingestion rate	100		mg/day	[32]
Bw	Body weight	Girls	26.25	kg	[2]
		Boys	23.85
		Women	62.5
		Men	75
AT	Average time	Carcinogenic 54 × 365		Day	[2]
		Non-carcinogenic 70 × 365			[32]
CDI	Chronic daily intake	a		mg/day	[3]
SA	Exposed surface area of skin	5700		cm2	[32]
AF	Skin adherence factor	0.07		mg.cm2	[32]
ABS	Dermal absorption factor	0.001		–	[3]
IR veg	Average consumption of edible vegetables	Girls	32.5	kg/day	Based on the food frequency questionnaire filled out in health centers
		Boys	32.5
		Women	45
		Men	45
IRoral-water	Daily water consumption	Girls	1.5	L/day	[32]
		Boys	1.5
		Women	2.5
		Men	2.5
PEF	Particle emission factor	1.36 × 109		m3/kg	[33]
EVshower	Bathing frequency	1		a/day	[34]
CF	Unit conversion factor	10−6		kg.mg−1	[33]
ET	Exposure frequency	24		h/day	[3]

^aDifferent equations are used for each exposure route (Fig. 2)