Table 2.

Compounds identified in perfumes and their applications

Remarks	Ref.
The main ingredients of fragrances were dimethyl octanol, eucalyptol, dimethyl heptenal, alpha-citroneline, methoxy benzaldehyde, limonene, benzylacetone and decanal	[13]
Phthalates such as Diethyl phthalate (DEP), di-n-butyl phthalate, di (2-ethylhexyl) (DEHP) and butylbenzyl phthalate (BBzP) are versatile chemicals used in personal care products, especially perfumes. DEP as the main ingredient in MEP is found in many perfumes, deodorants and fragrances.	[7]
The amount of phthalate measured in different brands of deodorant, aftershave and cologne was generally different.	[7]
P-t-butyl-α-methyl hydrocinnamic aldehyde, eugenol, geraniol, hydroxycitronellal and ethanol, diethyl phthalate or a combination of the two were found in fragrances.	[22]
Terpenes were found in perfumes as pollutants.	[2]
Phthalates such as diethyl phthalate (DEP) and di-isobutyl phthalate (DiBP) were used in perfumes and fragrances.	[9]
Salicylates are compounds found in perfumes.	[23]
Most of the chemical compounds in natural perfumes were terpenes, limonene, hexyl cinnamal and linalool.	[24]
The most common contaminants found in most spray products are Toluene, benzene, styrene, methyl ethyl ketone and butyl acetate in the range of concentration of 5.3–125 mg L−1.	[18]
DEP and to a lesser extent DnBP were detected with higher concentrations than other phthalates in perfumes and other aromatic products.	[25]
The major metabolite of DBP (MBP) was present in deodorants and perfumes.	[26]
Diethylhexyl phthalate (DEP) was observed in many products, including fragrances.	[27]
One of the most commonly used contaminants in the perfume industry is Allyl esters, which contain some free allyl alcohol.	[28]
Monoterpene hydrocarbons (e.g., limonene), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (eg, α-farnesene), alcohols (eg, cis-3-hexenol), monoterpene alcohols (eg, linalool), cesquiterpene alcohols (e.g., frensol), phenols (eg, eugenol), aldehydes (eg, 2,6-nonadienal), terpene aldehydes (eg, citral), ketones (eg, cyclohexanone), terpene ketones (eg, β-ionone), lactones (eg, γ-undecalactone), esters (eg, methyl salicylate), terpene esters (e.g., linalyl acetate), oxides (e.g., eucalyptol), two polycyclic and two nitro musks are present in many cosmetic products, including perfumes.	[1]
Phthalate DEP was the most common of the ten selected and analyzed fragrances. Of the other phthalates, only DAP, DCP, DMP and DNPP were found in some samples.	[4]
DEP diethyl phthalate is abundant in both men’s and women’s fragrances.	[10]
Geraniol, citronellol and DEP are among the compounds of perfumes.	[29]
Diethyl phthalate (DEP) is used in many perfume formulations as a solvent and fluidizer. Ethanol As one of the main solvents and pentanes, 2- propanol and acetone were present in low concentrations in these products. Terpenoids, aldehydes and lactones are common substances in producing odors.	[13, 24, 30]
DEP is a known aromatic additive.	[9]
Dibutyl Phthalate (DBP), Diethyl Phthalate (DEP), Dimethyl Phthalate (DMP) and Dialkyl Phthalates are mainly used as fragrance stabilizers.	[12]
Salicylates include alkyl (e.g., methyl-, ethyl-, butyl-, isobutyl-, pentyl-, isoamyl-, hexyl-, and ethyl hexylsalicylate), alkenyl (e.g., cis-3-hexenyl-, trans-2-hexenyl-, 1,3-dimethyl-3-butenyl, and 3-methyl-2-butenyl salicylate), aromatic ring compounds (e.g., benzyl-, phenyl-, p-cresyl- and phenethyl salicylate) and other derivatives (4-methyl salicylate) (e.g., 4-methylsalicylate) salicylic acid are used as aromatic materials.	[23]
Lemonene is used as an aromatic additive in perfumes.	[31]
EDCs are used in personal care products (PCPs) as antiperspirants, preservatives, deodorants, air conditioners, and air fresheners.	[15]
Coumarin is used as a fragrance in perfumes.	[32]
Diethyl phthalate (DEP) is widely used in the perfume industry as a fragrance production agent. Manufacturers use low molecular weight phthalates, such as DEP and DBP, in various personal care products such as fragrance, colognes, and deodorants products as a denaturing agent and fixative.	[16]
Lower molecular weight phthalates such as diethyl phthalate (DEP) and dimethyl phthalate (DMP) are commonly used as solvents and odorless diluents in cosmetic products like deodorants and perfumes.	[4]
TCS is mainly used as a disinfectant in deodorant and many personal care products.	[17]
Methyldibromo glutaronitrile 0.5% petrolatum (pet) is widely used as a preservative in cosmetics and fragrances.	[33]
Phthalate esters (PEs) are widely used in various products such as fragrances as solvents and fixatives.	[34]