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. 2022 May 20;16:893857. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2022.893857

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Copyright © 2022 Sánchez-Ventura, Lane and Udina.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Structure of PNNs. PNNs are composed by hyaluronan, link proteins, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) and tenascin-R. Hyaluronan, secreted by the hyaluronan synthase (HAS), binds to members of the lectican family of CSPGs (i.e., aggrecan, brevican, versican, and neurocan) via link proteins. Then, tenascin-R further cross-links lecticans generating a lattice-like structure. CSPGs are formed by a core protein in which GAGs are covalently attached through serine residues. GAGs are composed of disaccharide units of chondroitin sulfate chains, which can be sulfated at the 2nd, 4th, and 6th positions.