Table 2.

Study Design and Criteria.

Reference	Site	Design	Dates	Follow up	Inclusion criteria	Primary outcome
ACTT-2	Global	Double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial	May 8, 2020, to July 1, 2020	28 days	Participants aged ≥18 years of age with positive laboratory confirmed RT-PCR assay result of SARS-CoV2 infection + one of the following: radiographic infiltrates by imaging study, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) ≤94% on room air, or requiring supplemental oxygen, mechanical ventilation, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).	The time to recovery, with the day of recovery defined as the first day, during the 28 days after enrollment, on which a patient attained category 1, 2, or 3 on the eight-category ordinal scale
COV-BARRIER	Global	Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, parallel-group, phase 3 trial	June 11, 2020, to Jan 15, 2021	60 days	Patients aged ≥18 years of age, were hospitalized with laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, had evidence of pneumonia or active and symptomatic COVID-19, and had at least one elevated inflammatory marker (C-reactive protein, D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase, or ferritin)	Proportion who progressed to high-flow oxygen, non-invasive ventilation, invasive mechanical ventilation, or death by day 28
COV-BARRIER (Severe)	Global	Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, parallel-group, phase 3 trial	December 23, 2020, to April 10, 2021	60 days	Eligible participants were ≥18 years of age, hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, use of IMV or ECMO at study entry and randomization, had evidence of pneumonia or clinical symptoms of COVID-19, and had at least one elevated inflammatory marker above the upper limit of normal range based on the local laboratory result (C-reactive protein, D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase, or ferritin)	All-cause mortality through days 28 and 60, and number of ventilator-free days, duration of hospitalization, and time to recovery through day 28
RECOVERY	UK	Randomized, controlled, open-label, platform trial.	February 2, to December 29, 2021	180 days	Clinically suspected or laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients > 2 years	28-day mortality