Table 2.
Lift and odds ratio of the top 10 most prevalent multimorbidity pairs in 2016. See Supplementary Material C for other years. We include only the top four for the Infant age group due to the small sample size.
| Age Group | Disease 1 | Disease 2 | N | Lift | Unadj OR (95% CI) | Adj OR (95%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infant | Liver-related | Other respiratory disease | 26 | 1.9 | 2.1 (1.4, 3.2) | 2.0 (1.3, 3.1) |
| Infant | Asthma | Other respiratory disease | 15 | 3.3 | 4.2 (2.3, 7.7) | 3.9 (2.2, 7.2) |
| Infant | Kidney disease | Other respiratory disease | 10 | 2.3 | 2.6 (1.3, 5.2) | 2.0 (1.0, 4.2) |
| Infant | Other cardiac | Other respiratory disease | 6 | 2.5 | 2.9 (1.2, 7.2) | 2.6 (0.9, 7.1) |
| Child | Asthma | Other respiratory disease | 4,759 | 2.4 | 3.1 (3.0, 3.2) | 3.1 (3.0, 3.2) |
| Child | Liver-related | Other respiratory disease | 198 | 1.6 | 1.7 (1.5, 2.0) | 1.6 (1.4, 1.9) |
| Child | Kidney disease | Other respiratory disease | 159 | 1.5 | 1.5 (1.3, 1.8) | 1.4 (1.1, 1.6) |
| Child | Asthma | Kidney disease | 112 | 1.3 | 1.3 (1.1, 1.6) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.2) |
| Child | Asthma | Liver-related | 109 | 1.1 | 1.1 (0.9, 1.3) | 1.1 (0.9, 1.4) |
| Child | Heart valve disorder | Other respiratory disease | 104 | 2.1 | 2.4 (1.9, 2.9) | 2.1 (1.7, 2.6) |
| Child | Cardiac arrhythmia | Other respiratory disease | 75 | 2.0 | 2.1 (1.7, 2.7) | 1.9 (1.4, 2.4) |
| Child | Other cardiac | Other respiratory disease | 69 | 2.3 | 2.5 (1.9, 3.3) | 2.2 (1.7, 2.9) |
| Child | Asthma | Diabetes | 58 | 1.2 | 1.2 (0.9, 1.6) | 0.9 (0.7, 1.2) |
| Child | Asthma | Heart valve disorder | 51 | 1.3 | 1.3 (1.0, 1.7) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.4) |
| Adolescent | Asthma | Other respiratory disease | 5,272 | 2.1 | 3.0 (2.9, 3.1) | 2.9 (2.8, 3.1) |
| Adolescent | Asthma | Kidney disease | 187 | 1.2 | 1.2 (1.0, 1.4) | 1.1 (0.9, 1.3) |
| Adolescent | Asthma | Diabetes | 157 | 1.0 | 1.0 (0.8, 1.2) | 0.9 (0.8, 1.1) |
| Adolescent | Kidney disease | Other respiratory disease | 115 | 1.3 | 1.3 (1.1, 1.6) | 1.2 (1.0, 1.4) |
| Adolescent | Asthma | Liver-related | 112 | 1.4 | 1.5 (1.2, 1.8) | 1.3 (1.1, 1.6) |
| Adolescent | Diabetes | Other respiratory disease | 99 | 1.1 | 1.1 (0.9, 1.4) | 1.1 (0.9, 1.4) |
| Adolescent | Asthma | Cardiac arrhythmia | 96 | 1.2 | 1.2 (0.9, 1.5) | 1.1 (0.9, 1.4) |
| Adolescent | Asthma | Heart valve disorder | 90 | 1.5 | 1.6 (1.3, 2.0) | 1.5 (1.2, 1.9) |
| Adolescent | Liver-related | Other respiratory disease | 81 | 1.8 | 1.9 (1.5, 2.4) | 1.7 (1.4, 2.2) |
| Adolescent | Asthma | Other cardiac | 72 | 1.3 | 1.4 (1.1, 1.8) | 1.2 (1.0, 1.6) |
| Adult | Asthma | Other respiratory disease | 22,006 | 2.2 | 3.1 (3.1, 3.2) | 3.0 (3.0, 3.1) |
| Adult | Asthma | Hypertension | 3,296 | 1.1 | 1.1 (1.1, 1.2) | 1.2 (1.2, 1.3) |
| Adult | Asthma | Diabetes | 2,738 | 1.2 | 1.2 (1.1, 1.2) | 1.2 (1.1, 1.2) |
| Adult | Diabetes | Hypertension | 2,544 | 9.1 | 12.2 (11.7, 12.8) | 7.4 (7.0, 7.7) |
| Adult | Asthma | PAD | 1,768 | 1.2 | 1.3 (1.2, 1.4) | 1.3 (1.2, 1.4) |
| Adult | Asthma | Cardiac arrhythmia | 1,571 | 1.4 | 1.5 (1.4, 1.5) | 1.4 (1.3, 1.5) |
| Adult | Hypertension | Other respiratory disease | 1,549 | 1.3 | 1.3 (1.3, 1.4) | 1.2 (1.2, 1.3) |
| Adult | Asthma | Liver disease | 1,431 | 1.2 | 1.2 (1.1, 1.3) | 1.2 (1.1, 1.3) |
| Adult | Asthma | Other cardiac | 1,362 | 1.3 | 1.3 (1.3, 1.4) | 1.3 (1.2, 1.3) |
| Adult | Diabetes | Other respiratory disease | 1,323 | 1.4 | 1.5 (1.4, 1.5) | 1.4 (1.3, 1.4) |
| Middle-Aged | Diabetes | Hypertension | 33,471 | 2.6 | 5.1 (5.0, 5.1) | 4.0 (3.9, 4.1) |
| Middle-Aged | Asthma | Hypertension | 21,942 | 1.2 | 1.2 (1.2, 1.3) | 1.2 (1.2, 1.2) |
| Middle-Aged | Asthma | Other respiratory disease | 18,175 | 2.1 | 2.8 (2.8, 2.9) | 2.5 (2.5, 2.6) |
| Middle-Aged | Hypertension | Other respiratory disease | 17,128 | 1.3 | 1.4 (1.4, 1.4) | 1.2 (1.1, 1.2) |
| Middle-Aged | Asthma | Diabetes | 10,114 | 1.3 | 1.3 (1.3, 1.4) | 1.2 (1.2, 1.3) |
| Middle-Aged | Diabetes | Other respiratory disease | 8,461 | 1.5 | 1.6 (1.6, 1.7) | 1.4 (1.3, 1.4) |
| Middle-Aged | Asthma | COPD | 7,841 | 3.0 | 4.3 (4.2, 4.4) | 3.8 (3.7, 3.9) |
| Middle-Aged | Hypertension | PAD | 7,770 | 1.5 | 1.7 (1.7, 1.8) | 1.2 (1.2, 1.2) |
| Middle-Aged | Hypertension | Liver disease | 6,922 | 1.7 | 2.1 (2.0, 2.2) | 1.4 (1.4, 1.5) |
| Middle-Aged | COPD | Hypertension | 6,010 | 1.4 | 1.6 (1.6, 1.7) | 1.0 (0.9, 1.0) |
| Aged | Diabetes | Hypertension | 50,105 | 1.5 | 3.0 (2.9, 3.0) | 2.7 (2.7, 2.8) |
| Aged | Hypertension | Other respiratory disease | 26,587 | 1.1 | 1.2 (1.2, 1.3) | 1.1 (1.1, 1.1) |
| Aged | Asthma | Hypertension | 24,320 | 1.1 | 1.2 (1.2, 1.2) | 1.1 (1.1, 1.2) |
| Aged | CAD | Hypertension | 19,479 | 1.2 | 1.6 (1.6, 1.7) | 1.2 (1.2, 1.2) |
| Aged | Hypertension | PAD | 19,203 | 1.2 | 1.4 (1.4, 1.4) | 1.2 (1.1, 1.2) |
| Aged | COPD | Hypertension | 18,529 | 1.1 | 1.1 (1.1, 1.1) | 0.9 (0.9, 1.0) |
| Aged | Atrial fibrillation | Hypertension | 17,644 | 1.3 | 1.9 (1.8, 1.9) | 1.4 (1.4, 1.5) |
| Aged | Angina | Hypertension | 16,234 | 1.3 | 1.9 (1.8, 1.9) | 1.4 (1.4, 1.4) |
| Aged | Angina | CAD | 14,867 | 7.2 | 25.9 (25.2, 26.6) | 16.7 (16.2, 17.2) |
| Aged | Asthma | Other respiratory disease | 12,245 | 2.1 | 2.9 (2.8, 3.0) | 2.4 (2.4, 2.5) |
| Elderly | Diabetes | Hypertension | 22,244 | 1.2 | 2.2 (2.1, 2.2) | 2.2 (2.1, 2.2) |
| Elderly | Atrial fibrillation | Hypertension | 18,073 | 1.1 | 1.5 (1.4, 1.5) | 1.3 (1.3, 1.4) |
| Elderly | Hypertension | Other respiratory disease | 13,975 | 1.0 | 1.1 (1.1, 1.2) | 1.1 (1.0, 1.1) |
| Elderly | CAD | Hypertension | 13,586 | 1.1 | 1.2 (1.2, 1.2) | 1.1 (1.0, 1.1) |
| Elderly | Hypertension | PAD | 13,283 | 1.1 | 1.2 (1.2, 1.3) | 1.1 (1.1, 1.2) |
| Elderly | Angina | Hypertension | 12,524 | 1.1 | 1.3 (1.2, 1.3) | 1.1 (1.1, 1.2) |
| Elderly | Angina | CAD | 10,359 | 4.1 | 15.3 (14.8, 15.9) | 11.6 (11.2, 12.1) |
| Elderly | Asthma | Hypertension | 10,327 | 1.0 | 1.1 (1.1, 1.2) | 1.1 (1.0, 1.1) |
| Elderly | Dementia | Hypertension | 9,992 | 1.0 | 0.9 (0.9, 0.9) | 0.8 (0.8, 0.8) |
| Elderly | Hypertension | Stroke | 9,039 | 1.1 | 1.5 (1.4, 1.5) | 1.3 (1.3, 1.4) |