Table 1.
Clinical characteristics in survivors, non-survivors, and controls (number, mean ± standard error mean).
| Survivors (n = 30) |
Non-Survivors (n = 14) |
All Patients (n = 44) |
Controls (n = 27) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years old) | 75.9 ± 1.8 | 74.7 ± 3.1 | 75.5 ± 1.6 | 60.3 ± 1.3 * |
| Male (%) | 17 (56.7) | 9 (64.3) | 26 (50.1) | 17 (63.0) |
| APACHE II score | 20.8 ± 1.0 | 28.4 ± 2.0 † | 23.2 ± 1.1 | |
| History (%) | ||||
| COPD | 0 (0.0) | 2 (14.3) | 2 (4.5) | |
| Heart failure | 5 (16.7) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (11.4) | |
| Hypertension | 20 (66.7) | 10 (71.4) | 30 (68.2) | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 12 (40.0) | 7 (50.0) | 19 (43.2) | |
| Old CVA | 8 (26.7) | 2 (14.3) | 10 (22.7) | |
| ESRD | 4 (13.3) | 4 (28.6) | 8 (18.2) | |
| Liver cirrhosis | 3 (10.0) | 2 (14.3) | 5 (11.4) | |
| Active malignancy | 2 (6.7) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (4.5) | |
| Infection source | ||||
| Pneumonia | 21 (70.0) | 8 (57.1) | 29 (65.9) | |
| UTI | 4 (13.3) | 1 (7.1) | 5 (11.4) | |
| Others | 5 (16.7) | 5 (35.8) | 10 (22.7) | |
| Adverse event | ||||
| New arrhythmia | 3 (10.0) | 1 (7.1) | 4 (9.1) | |
| GI bleeding | 1 (3.3) | 3 (21.4) | 4 (9.1) | |
| Acute renal failure | 8 (26.7) | 10 (71.4) ‡ | 18 (40.9) | |
| Shock | 13 (43.3) | 12 (85.7) ¶ | 25 (56.8) | |
| Thrombocytopenia | 8 (26.7) | 7 (50.0) | 15 (34.1) | |
| Jaundice | 5 (16.7) | 3 (21.4) | 8 (18.2) | |
| Bacteremia | 5 (16.7) | 2 (14.3) | 7 (15.9) |
Abbreviations: APACHE, Acute Physiology, and Chronic Health Evaluation; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVA, cerebral vascular accident; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; UTI, urinary tract infection; GI, gastrointestinal. * p <0.001 compared with all patients with sepsis by independent-samples t-test; † p < 0.001 compared with survivors by independent-samples t-test; ‡ p = 0.008 compared with survivors by Fisher’s exact test; ¶ p = 0.010 compared with survivors by Fisher’s exact test.