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. 2022 Jun 3;41:192. doi: 10.1186/s13046-022-02394-2

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 9 — Ultrastructural alterations of transformed hepatocytes in acinar zone 3 of the liver acinus, 1 and 2 weeks after hydrodynamic tail vein injection of Akt-TAZ plasmids. (A, B) Liver acinus 1 week post-injection with a portal tract (PT) and altered hepatocytes (arrows) located in acinus zone 3. Hepatocytes near the central venule (CV) are often enlarged and vacuolated. Beneath these hepatocytes, single atypical, sometimes binucleated atypical hepatocytes (marked box and magnification in B) reveal irregular cell borders, enlarged nuclei, and several nucleoli. They are surrounded by unaltered hepatocytes with round, oval nuclei, and regular cell shapes. (C) Note massive glycogen (G) storage with tightly packed α-particles in the cytoplasm and membrane-enclosed autophagic vacuoles (arrowhead). (D) Two weeks after injection, some altered hepatocytes reveal noticeable loss of glycogen (arrows), whereas glycogen storing cells are still common (arrowhead). At the ultrastructural level (E, F), transformed hepatocytes (TH) reveal irregularly shaped nuclei and now absent glycogen storage in contrast to normal neighboring hepatocytes (HEP). Nevertheless, cell junctions and bile canaliculi are preserved (boxed magnified areas), implying their hepatocellular nature. A, B, D Stainings according to Richardson, C, E, F staining with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. Length of the lower edge A 500μm, B 80μm, C 10μm, D 111μm, E 18μm, F 10μm.