Table 2.
Main methodological and intervention characteristics of each study
| No | Authors | Year | Country | Age | Method | Arms (n) | Measures | Intervention | No and length of sessions | Profile |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Du et al | 2010 | China | 12–17 | Es |
CG = 24 EG = 32 |
BDQIA, IOS-S, TMDS, SDQ, SCARED | EG = CBT | CBT = 8 (90–120 min) | G |
| 2 | Gholamian et al | 2019 | Iran | 16–17 | QeS |
CG = 60 EG = 60 |
BASNEF, NSKQ, YDQ | EG = BASNEF | BASNEF = 2 (NA) | G |
| 3 | Hui et al | 2017 | China | 19–25 | RCT |
CG = 37 EG1 = 39 EG2 = 36 |
YDQ, SCL-90, P50 |
EG1 = EA EG2 = CT EG3 = EA + CT |
EA = 10 (30 min) CBT = 5 (30 min) |
G + I |
| 4 | Ke et al. (a) | 2018 | Malaysia | 13–18 | QeS | EG = 4 5 | PIUQ, DASS-42, SIAS | EG = CBT | CBT = 8 (90 min) | G |
| 5 | Ke et al. (b) | 2018 | Malaysia | 13–18 | QeS | EG = 157 | PIUQ, DASS -42, SIAS | EG = CBT | CBT = 8 (90 min) | G |
| 6 | Khazaei et al | 2017 | Iran | 20–30 | RCT |
CG = 24 EG = 24 |
YDQ, Y-BOCS, QRI, SI | EG = PP | PP = 10 (NA) | G |
| 7 | Kim et al | 2018 | South Korea | 12–17 | QeS | EG = 17 | K-scale, YDQ, IAS, CDI, STAI | EG = CBT | CBT = 8 (120 min) | G |
| 8 | Pan | 2020 | China | 13–18 | QeS |
CG = 10 EG1 = 10 EG2 = 10 EG3 = 10 |
YDQ |
EG1 = CBT EG2 = PE EG3 = CBT + PE |
NA | G + I |
| 9 | Quinones et al | 2019 | UK | 39–42 | RCT |
CG = 148 EG1 = 343 EG2 = 151 |
CIU, FFMQ, PHQ-ADS |
EG1 = MDF EG2 = GR |
Using app = 14 (10 min) | I |
| 10 | Santos et al | 2017 | Brazil | 18–65 | QeS |
EG1 = 42 EG2 = 42 |
IAT, HAM-A, HDRS, CGI |
EG1 = PPE EG2 = CBT + pharmacotherapy |
CBT = 8–10 (NA) | G + I |
| 11 | Tas et al | 2018 | Turkey | 15 | QeS |
CG = 12 EG = 12 |
YDQ, SCL-90 | EG = PPE | PPE = 10 (50 min) | G |
| 12 | Thorens et al | 2014 | Swiss | 13–67 | QeS | EG = 57 | ACP, IAT | EG = CBT | CBT = 6 (50 min) | Individual |
| 13 | Yang et al | 2017 | China | 18–30 | RCT |
EG1 = 15 EG2 = 14 |
IAS, BIS-11, MRS |
EG1 = EA EG2 = PP |
EA = 45 (30 min) PP = 11 (120 min) |
G + I |
| 14 | Young | 2013 | EUA | 22–56 | QeS | EG = 128 | COQ, IAT | EG = CBT | CBT = 12 (NA) | - |
| 15 | Zhu et al | 2012 | China | 19–25 | RCT |
EG1 = 39 EG2 = 36 EG3 = 37 |
IAT, WMS |
EG1 = EA EG2 = CT EG3 = EA + CT |
EA = 10 (30 min) CBT = 5 (30 min) |
G + I |
Legend: Es, experimental study; QeS, quasi-experimental study; CG, control group; EG, experimental groups; CBT, cognitive-behavioral therapy; PP, positive psychology; G, group therapy; I, individual therapy; EA, electroacupuncture; CT, comprehensive therapy; PPE, psychoeducational program; PE, physical exercise; APP, applicative; MDF, mindfulness; GR, gradual relaxation; BASNEF, Belief, Attitude, Subjective Norm, and Enabling Factors; NA, not available; BDQIA, Beard’s Diagnostic Questionnaire for Internet addiction; IOS-S, Internet Overuse Self-Rating Scale; TMDS, Time Management Disposition Scale; SDQ, Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire; SCARED, Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders; BASNEF, Belief, Attitude, Subjective Norm, and Enabling Factors; NSKQ, Knowledge Questionnaire; YDQ, Young’s Diagnostic Questionnaire; SCL-90, Brief Symptom Inventory; PIUQ, Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire; DASS, Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales; SIAS, Social Interaction Anxiety Scale; Y-BOCS, Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale; QRI, Quality of Relationships nventory); SI, severity of Internet use; K-scale, Korean Internet addiction self-report test; IAS, Young’s Internet Addiction Scale; CDI, Children’s Depression Inventory; STAI, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; CIU, Compulsive Internet use; FFMQ, Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire; PHQ-ADS, Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety and Depression Scale; IAT Internet addiction test; HAM-A, Hamilton Anxiety Scale; HDRS, Hamilton Depression Scale; CGI, Clinical Global Impressions; SCL-90, Brief Symptom Inventory; ACP, Avaliação clínica psiquiatrica; BIS-11, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale; MRS, Magnetic Resonance System; COQ, client outcome questionnaire); WMS, Wechsler Memory Scale