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. 2022 Jan 7;11(1):1–9. doi: 10.1007/s13679-021-00465-7

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Brown adipose tissue inter-tissue and inter-cellular communication. Mechanisms of brown adipose tissue (BAT) bi-directional tissue and cellular communication. Batokines (secreted factors from BAT) target organs such as the white adipose tissue, liver, skeletal muscle, and heart. Additionally, many paracrine batokines target immune cells with the most well-studied effects on macrophages. *The reduction in exercise capacity is due to secretion of myostatin from BAT at thermoneutral conditions. **No study has specifically shown an effect of 12-HEPE on resident-BAT immune cells; the effects of BAT-derived lipokines on local immune cells is still unknown. Created with BioRender.com