Table 3:
Characteristics of included articles related to interventions for the fatigue management.
| Author and year | Type of article | Intervention | Type of participants | Main findings of the article |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kirshbaum, 2010[30] | Review article | Exercise, pharmacological approaches, adjustment strategies, complimentary therapies, psychological and nutritional education | Cancer population | Extensive review of various nursing interventions |
| Lavdaniti, 2019[31] | Review article | Nursing management of patient with cancer-related fatigue | Cancer population | Pharmacological and non-pharmacological management including the nursing interventions |
| Stefani et al., 2017[32] | Review article – guidelines | Different types of exercise and dietary interventions for cancerrelated fatigue | Cancer survivors | Evidence-based guidelines for the comprehensive post-cancer treatment rehabilitation programmes for the cancer survivors |
| Mustian et al., 2007[33] | Review article | Exercises, mindfulnessbased stress reduction MBSR, yoga, sleep therapy, nutritional therapy, restorative therapy and polarity therapy | Cancer population | Effectiveness of multiple nonpharmacological behaviouralinterventions |
| Cohen et al., 2004[34] | Randomised controlled trial | Tibetan yoga | Patients with lymphoma | Improvement of sleep quality but no significant betterment in anxiety, fatigue and depression. |
| Cassileth and Vickers, 2004[35] | Experimental design | Different massages – standard massage, light touch massage and foot massage | Cancer population | Significant bettermentin symptom scores such as pain, fatigue, stress/anxiety, nausea and depression |
| Stasi et al., 2003[36] | Review article | Pharmacological (erythropoietin, antidepressants, hypnotics and aerobic exercises) and non-pharmacological agents | Cancer population | Patient education, aerobic exercise and psychostimulants are effective in managing the cancerrelated fatigue. |
| Molassiotis et al., 2007[37] | Randomised controlled trial | Acupuncture and acupressure | Cancer patients with moderatetosevere fatigue | Significant betterment in general fatigue and physical fatigue in both acupuncture and acupressure groups |
| Vickers et al., 2004[38] | Randomised clinical trials | Acupuncture | Patient with cancer completed cytotoxic chemotherapy | Betterment in fatigue |
| Tsang et al., 2007[39] | Pilot crossover design | Reiki therapy versus rest | Mixed cancer population in Stages I–IV | Reiki group experienced significant decrease in fatigue, pain and anxiety |
| Ravasco et al., 2005[40] | Randomised controlled trial | Dietary counselling | Colorectal cancer patients | Significant betterment in quality of life, fatigue including the other symptoms. |
| Yarbro et al., 2010[41] | Book | Pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions | Cancer population | Improvement in fatigue |
| Dirksen and Epstein, 2007[42] | Randomised controlled trial | Insomnia intervention cognitive behavioural therapy | Women with breast cancer | Significant betterment in fatigue, depression, anxiety and quality of life. |
| Mohandas et al., 2017[43] | Review article | Non-pharmacological (selfcare strategies) treatment and pharmacological management | Cancer population | Inadequate evidence related to effectiveness of self-care strategiesdue to methodological issues. |
| Roscoe et al., 2005[44] | Pilot study | Polarity therapy | Breast cancer women undergoing radiation therapy | Polarity therapy is effective, non- invasive and nonpharmacological measure for fatigue |
| Fu et al., 2020[48] | Systematic review | Anthroposophical medicine – art therapy | Women with gynaecological cancers | Insufficient evidence. Recommends for the more vigorous research |
| Agteresch et al., 2000[49] | Randomised clinical trials | Adenosine 5’triphosphate | Advanced nonsmallcell lung cancer patients | Improvement in physical and functional scores of quality of life |
| Salehifar et al., 2020[50] | Randomised clinical trial (doubleblind placebo) | Bupropion | Cancer patients with fatigue | Significant betterment in fatigue at 6 weeks |
| Ashrafi et al., 2018[51] | Randomised controlled trial (double blind placebo) | Bupropion sustained release | Patients with fatigue due to cancer | Significant improvement in fatigue |
| Shaw et al., 2006[52] | Randomised clinical trials Phase II | Donepezil drug | Brain tumour patients underwent irradiation | No significant improvement in physical score and functional score |
| Radbruch et al., 2008[53] | Review article | Methylphenidate, donepezil, modafinil and steroids | Cancer population | Pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of symptomatic fatigue. |
| Cruciani et al., 2006[54] | Phase I/II openlabel trial | Lcarnitine | Adults with advanced cancer | Significant improvement in fatigue and performance status |
| Yeom et al., 2007[55] | Prospective study | Vitamin C | Patients having terminal cancer | Significant betterment in fatigue, nausea/vomiting, pain and appetite |
| Bohlius et al., 2014[56] | Systematic review and metaanalysis | Erythropoietinstimulating agents | Cancer population | Promising benefits of drugs that stimulate erythropoietin for the betterment of fatigue and quality of life |
| Tomlinson et al., 2018[57] | Systematic review and metaanalysis | Various pharmacological agents | Cancer population | Erythropoietin and methylphenidate have significant impact on fatigue severity in cancer patients and recipients of stem cell transplant patients |
| Cella et al., 2003[58] | Review article | Erythropoietic agents | Cancerrelated anaemia patients | Improvement in energy level, level of activity and health-relatedquality of life |