Table 3. Outcome measures of change in body mass and thyroid function between the two dietary interventions (n = 11).
| Variable | KD | HCLF | Diet effect p value | Period effect p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Change in body mass (kg)* | -2.9 (-3.5,-2.4) | -0.4 (-1.0, 0.1) | <0.0001 | 0.785 |
| RMR (kcal.h-1.kg-1)## | 5.53 (3.62,7.42) | 5.08 (3.18,6.98) | 0.082 | 0.016 |
| Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH, mIU/L) | 2.06 (1.57,2.55) | 2.32 (1.84,2.82) | 0.071 | 0.042 |
| Thyroxine (free T4, pmol.L-1) | 19.3 (17.8, 20.9) | 17.3 (15.7, 18.8) | 0.0066 | 0.0004 |
| Triiodothyronine (free T3, pmol.L-1) | 4.1 (3.8, 4.4) | 4.8 (4.5, 5.2) | <0.0001 | 0.0005 |
| T3:T4 ratio | 0.25 (0.12, 0.39) | 0.41 (0.27, 0.55) | 0.0467 | 0.0817 |
Data are presented as mean (95% CI).
All measures are within normal ranges: TSH (0.27–4.20 mIU/L), T4 (12.0–22.0 pmol/L), T3 (3.1–6.8 pmol/L).
KD, ketogenic diet; HCLF, high-carbohydrate low-fat diet.
*change from either baseline or washout according to diet sequence.
##data from n = 9.