Table 2.

Examples of cybersecurity data sources

Type	Platforms	Metadata	Data source	Description
External	Shodan, Censys, Fofsa, BinaryEdge	IP, banner data, images	IoT search engines	Search engines of publicly accessible IoT devices
	Hansa, DreamMarket	Product/author name, price	DarkNet marketplaces	Markets for illicit goods
	EMBER, VirusTotal	Hash, binary, date, malware reports	Malware Repositories	Sites collecting malware reports
Internal	File store, disk drives, file directories	File size, directory name, file name, directory size	File store, disk drives, file directories	Devices that store data from users and networks
	BurpSuite, Nessus, Qualys, OpenVAS	Name, severity, risk	Vulnerability assessment	Reports from vulnerability scanning tools
	Docker, containers, VMware	Operating system, applications, file systems	Workstations and virtual machines	Computational machines