FIGURE 1.

LSD1 Demethylase Regulation of Myogenesis. (A) During MuSCs activation and proliferation, LSD1 is enriched on promoters of oxidative metabolism genes, together with repressive factor Sin3A and REST. Here, it removes H3K4me2 marks resulting in transcription repression. LSD1 absence results in activation of oxidative metabolism genes transcription (Anan et al., 2018). (B) During myoblast commitment, LSD1 demethylase is recruited on MyoD core enhancer (CE), where it promotes the transcription of the CEeRNA. LSD1 ablation results in H3K9me3 methyl marks accumulation and repression of the CEeRNA transcription (Scionti et al., 2017). (C) During skeletal muscle differentiation, LSD1 associates with MYOD and MEF2 on Myogenin promoter. LSD1 directly demethylates MEF2D protein and removes H3K9me2 marks promoting MyoG expression. LSD1 depletion results in H3K9me2 accumulation thus inhibition of MyoG transcription (Choi et al., 2010; Choi et al., 2014).