TABLE 4.

Stratified analysis of pooled estimates of infarct size.

Pooled Estimates	No. of Studies	SMD	95% CI	p value	Heterogeneity
Study type
In vivo	17	−3.26	−4.31, −2.21	p = 0.00	I2 = 86.12%
Ex vivo	3	−7.6	−12.15, −3.04	p = 0.01	I2 = 87.32%
Reperfusion duration
1	3	−4.62	−6.54, −2.69	p = 0.05	I2 = 66.07%
1.5	2	−3.29	−7.82, −1.24	p = 0.00	I2 = 87.44%
2	7	−5.27	−8.02, −2.52	p = 0.00	I2 = 93.95%
24 h	8	−2.63	−4.14, −1.11	p = 0.01	I2 = 83.94%
Route of administration
intragastric administration	4	−2.55	−3.30, −1.81	p = 0.29	I2 = 17.59%
intraperitoneal injection	7	−3.04	−4.86, −1.22	p = 0.00	I2 = 86.9%
intravenous injection	3	−6.44	−7.88, −5.01	p = 0.12	I2 = 0%
intravenous infusion	2	−3.29	−7.82, −1.24	p = 0.00	I2 = 87.44%
unclear	1	−1.83	−2.92, −0.75	—	—
Langendorff perfusion	3	−7.6	−12.15, −3.04	p = 0.01	I2 = 87.32%
Staining method
Single staining	12	−4.02	−5.87, −2.16	p = 0.00	I2 = 90.11%
Double staining	8	−4	−5.93, −2.08	p = 0.00	I2 = 91.84%
PE type
isoflavone	9	−2.76	−3.83, −1.68	p = 0.04	I2 = 80.24%
triterpene	8	−3.73	−5.44, −2.02	p = 0.00	I2 = 85.14%
Stilbenes	3	−8.47	−12.08, −4.87	p = 0.07	I2 = 65.96%
Animal species
Rats	13	−3.94	−5.08, −2.80	p = 0.00	I2 = 81.82%
Mice	7	−3.444	−5.384, −1.504	p = 0.00	I2 = 93.72%
Anesthetics type
pentobarbital sodium	12	−3.75	−4.98, −2.51	p = 0.00	I2 = 80.95
Urethane	1	−1.2	−2.20, −0.21	—	—
chloral hydrate	2	−4.62	−8.23, −1.01	p = 0.01	I2 = 85.35
xylazine and ketamine	1	−7.18	−11.40, −2.95	—	—
isoflurane	3	−2.15	−2.84, −1.46	p = 0.42	I2 = 0
thiopental sodium	1	−12.46	−16.86, −8.06	—	—