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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Trends Cogn Sci. 2022 Jan 24;26(3):268–282. doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2021.12.005

Figure I. Lesion, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and intracranial EEG (iEEG) approaches.

Figure I.

A) Lesion studies have examined the default mode network (DMN), as exemplified in these MRI images. Adapted from [32]. B) tDCS studies have targeted the DMN and DLPFC in the fronto-parietal control network (FPCN). Simulation of left DLPFC stimulation using the two-electrode montage (left panels) shows that the impact spreads into medial PFC and beyond whereas the four-electrode high-definition montage (right panels) results in focalized electric field intensity restricted to the left DLPFC. Adapted from [60]. C) In studies using iEEG, grid, strip and stereotactic electrodes have been used to target regions in DMN and FPCN.