Table 2.

Biomarkers and their main features (DGF: delayed graft function; EGF: epidermal growth factors; SGF: slow graft function; AKI: acute kidney injury; AR: acute rejection; CAD: chronic kidney disease; ABMR: antibody-mediated rejection; CAN: chronic allograft nephropathy; GvHD: graft-versus-host disease).

Biomarker	Sample type	Main features	References
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)	—	It predicts AR	[20]
	Urine	It predicts DGF	[21]
	Urine	It predicts DGF	[22]
	Urine	It predicts DGF and chronic allograft nephropathy progression	[23]
	Urine	It predicts AR	[24]
	Plasma	It predicts AKI and graft rejection during the first week after transplantation	[25]
	Urine	It predicts AR	[27]
	Plasma	It predicts DGF	[35]
	Urine	It predicts EGF, DGF, and SGF	[36]
	Urine	It predicts AKI after transplantation	[37]
	Urine	It predicts the change in kidney transplant function	[38]
Kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1)	Serum and urine	It predicts AR and CAD	[28]
	Serum	It predicts AR	[39]
	Urine	It predicts long-term graft loss	[40]
C-X-C motif chemokine 10 (CXCL-10)	Urine	It predicts ABMR	[10]
	Urine	It predicts T cell-mediated rejection in early posttransplantation period	[29]
	Urine	It predicts AR	[41]
	Serum	It predicts high risk of severe rejection and transplant failure	[42]
	Serum	It predicts AR and CAN	[43]
	Urine	It predicts AR	[44]
Cystatin C (CysC)	Serum	It predicts reduction in kidney function	[45]
Osteopontin (OPN)	Serum	It predicts ACR	[31]
	Cell lines	It predicts GvHD	[46]
Clusterin (CLU)	Urine	It predicts DGF	[47]