Table 5.
Measurement Invariance for the Appearance Evaluation Subscale of the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire
| Invariance Model | χ2 (df) | CFI | RMSEA (90% CI) | SRMR | Δχ2 (Δdf) | ΔCFI | ΔRMSEA | ΔSRMR | Invariance? |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Testing invariance by age group: 18–35 years (n = 7,590) vs. 36–55 years (n = 3,341) vs. 56–65 years (n = 689) | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Configural | 2,125.69 (42)*** | .944 | .113 (.109, .117) | .032 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Yes |
| Metric | 2,307.48 (54)*** | .939 | .104 (.100, .107) | .034 | 31.64 (12)** | .005 | .009 | .002 | Yes |
| Scalar | 2,621.16 (66)*** | .931 | .100 (.097, .103) | .038 | 259.98 (12)*** | .008 | .004 | .004 | Yes |
|
| |||||||||
| Testing invariance by gender: men (n = 5,293) vs. women (n = 6,327) | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Configural | 1,878.36 (28)*** | .949 | .107 (.103, .111) | .030 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Yes |
| Metric | 2,034.63 (34)*** | .945 | .101 (.097, .104) | .035 | 47.19 (6)*** | .004 | .006 | .005 | Yes |
| Scalar | 2,637.18 (40)*** | .928 | .106 (.102, .109) | .047 | 677.94 (6)*** | .017 | .005 | .012 | No |
|
| |||||||||
| Testing invariance by sexual orientation among men: heterosexual (n = 4,869) vs. bisexual (n = 194) vs. gay (n = 194) | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Configural | 812.42 (42)*** | .953 | .102 (.096, .109) | .028 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Yes |
| Metric | 883.51 (54)*** | .950 | .094 (.088, .099) | .030 | 7.11 (12) | .003 | .008 | .002 | Yes |
| Scalar | 942.76 (94)*** | .947 | .087 (.082, .092) | .031 | 36.25 (12)*** | .003 | .007 | .001 | Yes |
|
| |||||||||
| Testing invariance by sexual orientation among women: heterosexual (n = 5,395) vs. bisexual (n = 598) vs. lesbian (n = 213) | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Configural | 1,128.06 (42)*** | .946 | .112 (.106, .117) | .032 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Yes |
| Metric | 1,262.66 (54)*** | .940 | .104 (.099, .109) | .037 | 33.71 (12)*** | .006 | .008 | .005 | Yes |
| Scalar | 1,370.12 (66)*** | .935 | .098 (.093, .102) | .039 | 62.55 (12)*** | .005 | .006 | .002 | Yes |
|
| |||||||||
| Testing invariance by race: White (n = 8,742) vs. Black (n = 774) vs. Hispanic (n = 470) vs. Asian (n = 714) | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Configural | 1,876.19 (56)*** | .946 | .110 (.106, .115) | .032 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Yes |
| Metric | 2,061.61 (74)*** | .941 | .100 (.096, .104) | .036 | 36.69 (18)** | .005 | .010 | .004 | Yes |
| Scalar | 2,272.54 (92)*** | .936 | .094 (.091, .098) | .041 | 128.35 (18)*** | .005 | .006 | .005 | Yes |
|
| |||||||||
| Testing invariance by weight status: Lowest BMI (n = 190) vs. Low BMI (n = 4,535) vs. Medium BMI (n = 3,632) vs. High BMI (n = 3,263) | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Configural | 2,050.75 (56)*** | .935 | .111 (.107, .115) | .036 | -- | -- | -- | -- | Yes |
| Metric | 2,354.32 (74)*** | .926 | .103 (.099, .107) | .050 | 181.18 (18)*** | .009 | .008 | .014 | Yes |
| Scalar | 2,751.92 (92)*** | .913 | .100 (.097, .103) | .062 | 356.60 (18)*** | .013 | .003 | .012 | No |
Note. CFI = comparative fit index; RMSEA = root mean square error of approximation; CI = confidence interval; SRMR = standardized root-mean square residual; BMI = body mass index. Models were tested in full sample N = 11,620).
*
p < .05,
**
p < .01,
***
p < .001.