Table 2.

Intervention effects on readiness to change, alcohol abstinence self-efficacy, perceived social support and alcohol abstinence stigma at the 3-month follow-up visit.^a

	Undjusted^b		Adjusted^c
	β coefficient^d (SE)	95%CI	β coefficient^d (SE)	95%CI
Intervention effects on readiness to change
BI	2.59 (0.74)	1.13–4.05	2.64 (0.75)	1.17–4.12
CoI	3.34 (0.74)	1.88–4.80	3.50 (0.75)	2.02–4.98
Intervention effects on alcohol abstinence self-efficacy
BI	4.10 (1.95)	0.26–7.94	4.03 (1.97)	0.17–7.89
CoI	3.49 (1.96)	(−0.36)–7.33	3.93 (1.97)	0.05–7.81
Intervention effects on perceived social support
BI	0.92 (3.07)	(−5.13)–6.96	1.04 (3.03)	(−4.91)–7.00
CoI	3.83 (3.07)	(−2.21)–9.87	3.02 (3.03)	(−2.94)–8.99
	aOR	95%CI	aOR	95%CI
Intervention effects on alcohol abstinence stigma
BI	0.82	0.50, 1.33	0.79	0.48, 1.30
CoI	1.37	0.84, 2.23	1.35	0.82, 2.22

Note. Estimates significant at p-values<0.05 are in bold; BI: brief intervention; CoI: combined intervention; SE=Standard error; aOR=Adjusted odds ratio; CI=Confidence interval.

Standard of care is the reference group in all models.

For each unadjusted model, factors affecting drinking avoidance at baseline were included as covariates.

For each adjusted model, covariates included factors affecting drinking avoidance at baseline, age, sex, education, marital status, and employment status.

β coefficients presents the mean difference in the continuous scores of readiness to change and alcohol abstinence self-efficacy between arms.