Table 3.

Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) in overweight/obese measures by detectable concentrations of urinary neonicotinoids in US adults, NHANES, 2015–2016^{^}

	Overweight/Obese (N=1517)	Overweight (N=1517)	Obese (N=1517)
	IRR (95% CI)	IRR (95% CI)	IRR (95% CI)
Any parent neonicotinoid
Detect	0.91 (0.69, 1.19)	1.17 (0.79, 1.74)	0.72 (0.50, 1.05)
Non-detect	1.00 (Referent)	1.00 (Referent)	1.00 (Referent)
Acetamiprid
Detect	0.60 (0.33, 1.08)	0.55 (0.20, 1.51)	0.64 (0.20, 2.00)
Non-detect	1.00 (Referent)	1.00 (Referent)	1.00 (Referent)
Clothianidin
Detect	0.85 (0.64, 1.12)	1.13 (0.70, 1.83)	0.67 (0.43, 1.04)
Non-detect	1.00 (Referent)	1.00 (Referent)	1.00 (Referent)
Imidacloprid
Detect	1.04 (0.79, 1.37)	1.24 (0.70, 2.17)	0.87 (0.51, 1.46)
Non-detect	1.00 (Referent)	1.00 (Referent)	1.00 (Referent)
Any neonicotinoid metabolite
Detect	1.04 (0.97, 1.11)	1.03 (0.76, 1.40)	1.04 (0.83, 1.31)
Non-detect	1.00 (Referent)	1.00 (Referent)	1.00 (Referent)
5-Hydroxy-imidacloprid
Detect	1.11 (1.04, 1.18)*	1.08 (0.81, 1.46)	1.13 (0.90, 1.42)
Non-detect	1.00 (Referent)	1.00 (Referent)	1.00 (Referent)
N-Desmethyl-acetamiprid
Detect	1.02 (0.93, 1.13)	1.05 (0.77, 1.44)	1.00 (0.78, 1.28)
Non-detect	1.00 (Referent)	1.00 (Referent)	1.00 (Referent)

^{^}Adjusted by age, race, sex, marital status, health status, and thyroid status.

^*Statistically significant at P<0.05.