Table 3.

Multivariable linear regression of 2021 time use on gender and dependency status, overall and dependency status-stratified, weighted.

	Full Sample	Dependents n=385 (33%)	Semi-dependents n=455 (39%)	Independents n=337 (29%)
	Coeff (95% CI) ±	Coeff (95% CI) ±	Coeff (95% CI) ±	Coeff (95% CI) ±
Time on paid work
Woman	-1.0⁎⁎⁎ (-1.6, -0.5)	-0.2 (-1.0, 0.6)	-1.7⁎⁎⁎ (-2.7, -0.7)	-1.2* (-2.4, -0.1)
Dependents	Ref	–	–	–
Semi-dependents	0.8⁎⁎ (0.2,1.4)	–	–	–
Independents	1.7⁎⁎⁎ (0.9,2.5)	–	–	–
Observations	1177	385	455	337
Mean hours women	2.2	1.3	2.5	3.6
Mean hours men	3.8	1.3	3.7	4.9
Time on domestic work
Woman	1.4⁎⁎⁎ (1.0, 1.8)	1.4⁎⁎⁎ (0.6, 2.1)	1.2⁎⁎ (0.4, 1.9)	1.8⁎⁎⁎ (1.0, 2.6)
Dependents	Ref	–	–	–
Semi-dependents	-0.1 (-0.6, 0.4)	–	–	–
Independents	-0.7* (-1.4, -0.1)	–	–	–
Observations	1177	385	455	337
Mean hours women	3.9	3.8	4.0	3.5
Mean hours men	2.0	2.4	2.3	1.7
Time on school
Woman	-0.1 (-0.9, 0.6)	-0.1 (-1.1, 0.9)	-0.3 (-1.7, 1.2)	0.6 (-2.1, 3.4)
Dependents	Ref	–	–	–
Semi-dependent	-0.3 (-1.2, 0.6)	–	–	–
Independents	0.7 (-0.6, 1.9)	–	–	–
Observations	331	212	94	25
Mean hours women	3.1	3.2	2.9	2.8
Mean hours men	3.4	3.4	3.0	3.9

Linear regression, accounting for robust standard error clustering by node and survey design weighting.

^⁎p<0.05.

^⁎⁎p<0.01.

^⁎⁎⁎p<0.001.

^±Models adjust for age, marital status, and whether the participant has children as measured in 2021.