Table 1. Demographic characteristics by medication group.
Results for the most inclusive estrogen medication group are presented here, which corresponds to women taking estrogen-only medications and estrogens and progestogens in combination (G03C+F), excluding use as contraceptives. T-tests were used for comparisons of continuous variables (age, Townsend, and continuous measures of psychiatric symptoms) and chi-square tests for categorical measures (ethnic background, binary psychiatric symptoms, and menopause symptoms). “Ethnic background” categories are those provided by the UK Biobank. Note that we added “Chinese” to “Asian or Asian British”.
| Demographic Characteristics | Medication Group: G03C+F (n=232,993) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medication positive (n=15,305) |
Medication negative (n=217,688) |
p-value | |||
| n/mean | (%/sd) | n/mean | (%/sd) | ||
|
| |||||
| Age | 57.43 | (6.43) | 56.73 | (8.00) | 4.0E-37 |
| Townsend index | −1.45 | (3.01) | −1.34 | (3.04) | 1.2E-05 |
| Female | 15,305 | (100.00%) | 2,17,688 | (100.00%) | NA |
| Ethnic background | 2.1E-46 | ||||
| White | 14,843 | (96.98%) | 2,05,272 | (94.30%) | |
| Black or Black British | 116 | (0.76%) | 3,926 | (1.80%) | |
| Asian or Asian British | 153 | (1.00%) | 4,813 | (2.21%) | |
| Mixed and other ethnicities | 193 | (1.26%) | 3,677 | (1.69%) | |
| Menopause status* | <2.2E-308 | ||||
| Pre-Menopause | 841 | (5.49%) | 53,793 | (24.71%) | |
| Post-Menopause | 9,541 | (62.34%) | 1,40,698 | (64.63%) | |
| Hysterectomy | 4,923 | (32.17%) | 23,197 | (10.66%) | |
| Probable MDD binary measure | 4.1E-24 | ||||
| Yes | 1,188 | (40.20%) | 13,446 | (31.22%) | |
| No | 1,767 | (59.80%) | 29,629 | (68.78%) | |
| Surrogate depression continuous measure^ | 4.65 | (3.28) | 4.33 | (3.19) | 3.0E-07 |
| Broad depression binary measure | 6.0E-99 | ||||
| Yes | 6,151 | (49.93%) | 68,922 | (40.24%) | |
| No | 6,168 | (50.07%) | 1,02,338 | (59.76%) | |
| Surrogate depression continuous measure^ | 4.80 | (3.31) | 4.52 | (3.24) | 3.3E-19 |
| PTSD binary measure | 9.8E-05 | ||||
| Yes | 614 | (11.54%) | 6,708 | (9.87%) | |
| No | 4,707 | (88.46%) | 61,280 | (90.13%) | |
| PTSD continuous measure | 7.45 | (4.10) | 7.08 | (3.91) | 2.3E-10 |
|
| |||||
| Medication positive (n=10,382) | Medication negative (n=194,483) | p-value | |||
|
| |||||
| Menopause status (no hysterectomy) | <2.2E-308 | ||||
| Pre-Menopause | 841 | (8.10%) | 53,793 | (27.66%) | |
| Post-Menopause | 9,541 | (91.90%) | 1,40,698 | (72.35%) | |
For menopause status among the subsample of women without a hysterectomy; see the bottom section of this table.
As a surrogate continuous depression variable, neuroticism scores were used; see text.